Driving Change: Lessons on the Electrification and Modernization of Jeepneys in the Philippines

Abstract

This paper investigates the adoption dynamics and operational challenges of electric jeepneys (E-jeepneys) within the framework of the Philippine Public Utility Vehicle Modernization Program (PUVMP). Through qualitative case studies of 4 jeepney entities, the study explores primary motivations, business models and challenges encountered during the transition from traditional to E-jeepneys. Key findings emphasize the pivotal role of government subsidies, alternative financing schemes and local government support in facilitating vehicle acquisition, route planning, and smooth operations. Operational benefits, such as reduced costs and enhanced service capabilities through cooperative alliances, are identified as critical factors contributing to successful E-jeepney integration. However, challenges remain in infrastructure development, operational sustainability, and regulatory alignment across diverse localities. The research underscores the importance of tailored policy frameworks, robust infrastructure investments, and sustainable business models to support ongoing transport modernization efforts. These insights provide valuable guidance for policymakers and stakeholders navigating similar initiatives globally.