Intersectional Disadvantage: Exploring Differences Between Aboriginal and Non-Aboriginal Parents with Intellectual Disability in the New South Wales Child Protection System

Abstract

Background: Two parent groups overrepresented in child protection matters are those with intellectual disability and those from Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander backgrounds. To date, no research has explored the child protection involvement of Aboriginal parents with intellectual disability or compared these two groups. Methods: A case file review of 45 parents with intellectual disability engaged in Care and Protection proceedings in NSW was undertaken. Demographic details, triggers for Child Protection Agency investigation and child placement outcomes of Aboriginal (n = 14) and non-Aboriginal (n= 31) parents were compared. Results: Aboriginal parents with intellectual disability and their children were significantly more likely than non-Aboriginal parents to be younger at initiation of a child protection investigation. Descriptive analysis revealed they were twice as likely to be investigated due to questions about parenting capacity and their children were more likely to be removed than non-Aboriginal parents. However, sample size prevented associations being tested. Conclusion: Aboriginality and intellectual disability appeared to be mutually reinforcing, leading to increased risk of negative outcomes for parents in the child protection system. The results suggest a need for more timely interventions for young Aboriginal parents, and greater disability awareness and cultural sensitivity by child welfare workers.