Formalizing the Informal in Public Transportation: The Case of Motorcycle Taxis Transport Network Service in the Philippines

Abstract

This article explores the case of motorcycle (MC) taxis in the Philippines from a systems lens, adopting the informal-formal dichotomy. Using a qualitative approach, the paper: (1) reviews the development of MC taxis from the livelihood, service, and institutional viewpoints; (2) investigates the role of technology and its impact on the public transportation system; and (3) explores the evolving forms of regulation, competition, ownership, and agreements. The article established the country’s long history with motorcycles. This history is consistent with its role in filling the public transport gap. Ideally, a good public transportation system meets the “formal” service standards. Yet the policy response has persistently been reactive. Technology was used by transport network companies to advocate for drivers’ livelihoods and legitimize their operations. Unfortunately, this is also symptomatic of the bigger issue that needs to be tackled– the need for a modern, urban public transport system that meets commuters’ service quality expectations: comfortable, accessible, reliable, and environment-friendly. Technology via apps for better service can help in better mobility management but this should be consistent with the policy and service quality expectations of the commuters.