• Addendum: A dynamic nomenclature proposal for SARS-CoV-2 lineages to assist genomic epidemiology 

      Rambaut, Andrew; Holmes, Edward C.; O’Toole, Áine; Hill, Verity; McCrone, John T.; Ruis, Christopher; du Plessis, Louis; Pybus, Oliver G.
      Published 2021
      An Addendum to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41564-021-00872-5.
      Article
    • Assignment of Epidemiological Lineages in an Emerging Pandemic Using the Pangolin Tool 

      O'Toole, A'ine; Scher, Emily; Underwood, Anthony; Jackson, Ben; Hill, Verity; McCrone, John T; Colquhoun, Rachel; Ruis, Chris; Abu-Dahab, Khalil; Taylor, Ben; Yeats, Corin; Du Plessis, Louis; Maloney, Daniel; Medd, Nathan; Attwood, Stephen W; Aanensen, David M; Holmes, Edward C.; Pybus, Oliver G; Rambaut, Andrew
      Published 2021
      The response of the global virus genomics community to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has been unprecedented, with significant advances made towards the 'real-time' generation and ...
      Article
    • A dynamic nomenclature proposal for SARS-CoV-2 lineages to assist genomic epidemiology 

      Rambaut, Andrew; Holmes, Edward C.; O’Toole, Áine; Hill, Verity; McCrone, John T.; Ruis, Christopher; du Plessis, Louis; Pybus, Oliver G.
      Published 2020
      The ongoing pandemic spread of a new human coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, which is associated with severe pneumonia/disease (COVID-19), has resulted in the generation of tens of thousands of virus genome sequences. The rate of ...
      Article
    • A dynamic nomenclature proposal for SARS-CoV-2 to assist genomic epidemiology 

      Rambaut, Andrew; Holmes, Edward C.; Hill, Verity; OToole, Aine; McCrone, John; Ruis, Chris; du Plessis, Louis; Pybus, Oliver
      Published 2020
      The ongoing pandemic spread of a novel human coronavirus, SARS-COV-2, associated with severe pneumonia disease (COVID-19), has resulted in the generation of thousands of virus genome sequences. The rate of genome generation ...
      Preprint
    • The Origins of SARS-CoV-2: A Critical Review 

      Holmes, Edward C.; Goldstein, Stephen A; Rasmussen, Angela L; Robertson, David L; Crits-Christoph, Alexander; Wertheim, Joel O; Anthony, Simon J; Barclay, Wendy S; Boni, Maciej F; Doherty, Peter C; Farrar, Jeremy; Geoghegan, Jemma L; Jiang, Xiaowei; Leibowitz, Julian L; Neil, Stuart J D; Skern, Tim; Weiss, Susan R; Worobey, Michael; Andersen, Kristian G; Garry, Robert F; Rambaut, Andrew
      Since the first reports of a novel SARS-like coronavirus in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, there has been intense interest in understanding how SARS-CoV-2 emerged in the human population. Recent debate has coalesced around ...
      Preprint
    • The Origins of SARS-CoV-2: A Critical Review 

      Holmes, Edward C.; Goldstein, Stephen A.; Rasmussen, Angela L.; Robertson, David L.; Crits-Christoph, Alexander; Wertheim, Joel O.; Anthony, Simon J.; Barclay, Wendy S.; Boni, Maciej F.; Doherty, Peter C.; Farrar, Jeremy; Geoghegan, Jemma L.; Jiang, Xiaowei; Leibowitz, Julian L.; Neil, Stuart J.D.; Skern, Tim; Weiss, Susan R.; Worobey, Michael; Andersen, Kristian G.; Garry, Robert F.; Rambaut, Andrew
      Published 2021
      Since the first reports of a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-like coronavirus in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, there has been intense interest in understanding how severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus ...
      Article
    • The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2 

      Andersen, Kristian G.; Rambaut, Andrew; Lipkin, W. Ian; Holmes, Edward C.; Garry, Robert F.
      Published 2020
      SARS-CoV-2 is the seventh coronavirus known to infect humans; SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 can cause severe disease, whereas HKU1, NL63, OC43 and 229E are associated with mild symptoms6. Here we review what can be ...
      Article
    • SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Interest and Concern naming scheme conducive for global discourse. 

      Konings, Frank; Perkins, Mark D; Kuhn, Jens H; Pallen, Mark J; Alm, Erik J; Archer, Brett N; Barakat, Amal; Bedford, Trevor; Bhiman, Jinal N; Caly, Leon; Carter, Lisa L; Cullinane, Anne; de Oliveira, Tulio; Druce, Julian; El Masry, Ihab; Evans, Roger; Gao, George F; Gorbalenya, Alexander E; Hamblion, Esther; Herring, Belinda L; Hodcroft, Emma; Holmes, Edward C.; Kakkar, Manish; Khare, Shagun; Koopmans, Marion P G; Korber, Bette; Leite, Juliana; MacCannell, Duncan; Marklewitz, Marco; Maurer-Stroh, Sebastian; Rico, Jairo Andres Mendez; Munster, Vincent J; Neher, Richard; Munnink, Bas Oude; Pavlin, Boris I; Peiris, Malik; Poon, Leo; Pybus, Oliver; Rambaut, Andrew; Resende, Paola; Subissi, Lorenzo; Thiel, Volker; Tong, Suxiang; van der Werf, Sylvie; von Gottberg, Anne; Ziebuhr, John; Van Kerkhove, Maria D
      Published 2021
      Article
    • Tracking the international spread of SARS-CoV-2 lineages B.1.1.7 and B.1.351/501Y-V2 with grinch 

      O'Toole, Áine; Hill, Verity; Pybus, Oliver G.; Watts, Alexander; Bogoch, Issac I.; Khan, Kamran; Messina, Jane P.; Tegally, Houriiyah; Lessells, Richard R.; Giandhari, Jennifer; Pillay, Sureshnee; Tumedi, Kefentse Arnold; Nyepetsi, Gape; Kebabonye, Malebogo; Matsheka, Maitshwarelo; Mine, Madisa; Tokajian, Sima; Hassan, Hamad; Salloum, Tamara; Merhi, Georgi; Koweyes, Jad; Geoghegan, Jemma L.; de Ligt, Joep; Ren, Xiaoyun; Storey, Matthew; Freed, Nikki E.; Pattabiraman, Chitra; Prasad, Pramada; Desai, Anita S.; Vasanthapuram, Ravi; Schulz, Thomas F.; Steinbrück, Lars; Stadler, Tanja; Parisi, Antonio; Bianco, Angelica; de Viedma, Darío García; Buenestado-Serrano, Sergio; Borges, Vítor; Isidro, Joana; Duarte, Sílvia; Gomes, João Paulo; Zuckerman, Neta S.; Mandelboim, Michal; Mor, Orna; Seemann, Torsten; Arnott, Alicia; Draper, Jenny; Gall, Mailie; Rawlinson, William; Deveson, Ira; Schlebusch, Sanmarié; McMahon, Jamie; Leong, Lex; Lim, Chuan Kok; Chironna, Maria; Loconsole, Daniela; Bal, Antonin; Josset, Laurence; Holmes, Edward C.; St. George, Kirsten; Lasek-Nesselquist, Erica; Sikkema, Reina S.; Munnink, Bas Oude; Koopmans, Marion; Brytting, Mia; Rani, V. Sudha; Pavani, S.; Smura, Teemu; Heim, Albert; Kurkela, Satu; Umair, Massab; Salman, Muhammad; Bartolini, Barbara; Rueca, Martina; Drosten, Christian; Wolff, Thorsten; Silander, Olin; Eggink, Dirk; Reusken, Chantal; Vennema, Harry; Park, Aekyung; Carrington, Christine; Sahadeo, Nikita; Carr, Michael; Gonzalez, Gabo; de Oliveira, Tulio; Faria, Nuno; Rambaut, Andrew; Kraemer, Moritz U. G.
      Published 2021
      Late in 2020, two genetically-distinct clusters of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) with mutations of biological concern were reported, one in the United Kingdom and one in South Africa. Using ...
      Article