Research Paper for First Nations Economics: What Policies Are Needed to Support the Economic Participation of First Nations Women in Entrepreneurship and Leadership Roles?

Abstract

This report examines policy measures needed to strengthen the economic participation of First Nations women in entrepreneurship and leadership in Australia. Conducted in collaboration with First Nations Economics (FNE), an Aboriginal-led organisation focused on self-determination and economic sovereignty, the report analyses key policy initiatives including the National Agreement on Closing the Gap, the Women’s Economic Security Package, the Indigenous Procurement Policy, and Strong Women Strong Business. The study identifies intersectional barriers affecting First Nations women, such as limited access to capital, caregiving responsibilities, geographic isolation, and underrepresentation in leadership. It recommends more integrated policy approaches, improved gender-disaggregated data, and culturally grounded frameworks to support sustainable and inclusive economic empowerment.