Numerical Simulation for Entrainment of Forced Turbulent Fountains

Abstract

Numerical simulations are used to investigate the entrainment for forced turbulent fountains over a range of Reynolds numbers, 2000 ≤ Re ≤ 3500, and Froude numbers, 5 ≤ Fr ≤ 24, where Re and Fr are based on the fountain source properties. Other fountain properties such as height and width are also examined to provide information on the general structure of the fountains. The results show that the foun- tains have minimal Reynolds number dependency, while they have a strong linear relation with the Froude number for the cases considered in this study. The entrainment coefficient is obtained as well as scaling constants for height and width in terms of the Froude number.