Immune responses in COVID-19 respiratory tract and blood reveal mechanisms of disease severity
Field | Value | Language |
dc.contributor.author | Zhang, Wuji | en_AU |
dc.contributor.author | Chua, Brendon Y. | en_AU |
dc.contributor.author | Selva, Kevin J. | en_AU |
dc.contributor.author | Kedzierski, Lukasz | en_AU |
dc.contributor.author | Ashhurst, Thomas M. | en_AU |
dc.contributor.author | Haycroft, Ebene R. | en_AU |
dc.contributor.author | Shoffner, Suzanne K. | en_AU |
dc.contributor.author | Hensen, Luca | en_AU |
dc.contributor.author | Boyd, David F. | en_AU |
dc.contributor.author | James, Fiona | en_AU |
dc.contributor.author | Mouhtouris, Effie | en_AU |
dc.contributor.author | Kwong, Jason C. | en_AU |
dc.contributor.author | Chua, Kyra Y. L. | en_AU |
dc.contributor.author | Drewett, George | en_AU |
dc.contributor.author | Copaescu, Ana | en_AU |
dc.contributor.author | Dobson, Julie E. | en_AU |
dc.contributor.author | Rowntree, Louise C. | en_AU |
dc.contributor.author | Habel, Jennifer R. | en_AU |
dc.contributor.author | Allen, Lilith F. | en_AU |
dc.contributor.author | Koay, Hui-Fern | en_AU |
dc.contributor.author | Neil, Jessica A. | en_AU |
dc.contributor.author | Gartner, Matthew | en_AU |
dc.contributor.author | Lee, Christina Y. | en_AU |
dc.contributor.author | Andersson, Patiyan | en_AU |
dc.contributor.author | Seemann, Torsten | en_AU |
dc.contributor.author | Sherry, Norelle L. | en_AU |
dc.contributor.author | Amanat, Fatima | en_AU |
dc.contributor.author | Krammer, Florian | en_AU |
dc.contributor.author | Londrigan, Sarah L. | en_AU |
dc.contributor.author | Wakim, Linda M. | en_AU |
dc.contributor.author | King, Nicholas J.C. | en_AU |
dc.contributor.author | Godfrey, Dale I. | en_AU |
dc.contributor.author | Mackay, Laura K. | en_AU |
dc.contributor.author | Thomas, Paul G. | en_AU |
dc.contributor.author | Nicholson, Suellen | en_AU |
dc.contributor.author | Arnold, Kelly B. | en_AU |
dc.contributor.author | Chung, Amy W. | en_AU |
dc.contributor.author | Holmes, Natasha E. | en_AU |
dc.contributor.author | Smibert, Olivia C. | en_AU |
dc.contributor.author | Trubiano, Jason A. | en_AU |
dc.contributor.author | Gordon, Claire L. | en_AU |
dc.contributor.author | Nguyen, Thi H.O. | en_AU |
dc.contributor.author | Kedzierska, Katherine | en_AU |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-10-19T02:28:19Z | |
dc.date.available | 2021-10-19T02:28:19Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2021 | |
dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/2123/26563 | |
dc.description.abstract | ABSTRACT Although the respiratory tract is the primary site of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the ensuing immunopathology, respiratory immune responses are understudied and urgently needed to understand mechanisms underlying COVID-19 disease pathogenesis. We collected paired longitudinal blood and respiratory tract samples (endotracheal aspirate, sputum or pleural fluid) from hospitalized COVID-19 patients and non-COVID-19 controls. Cellular, humoral and cytokine responses were analysed and correlated with clinical data. SARS-CoV-2-specific IgM, IgG and IgA antibodies were detected using ELISA and multiplex assay in both the respiratory tract and blood of COVID-19 patients, although a higher receptor binding domain (RBD)-specific IgM and IgG seroconversion level was found in respiratory specimens. SARS-CoV-2 neutralization activity in respiratory samples was detected only when high levels of RBD-specific antibodies were present. Strikingly, cytokine/chemokine levels and profiles greatly differed between respiratory samples and plasma, indicating that inflammation needs to be assessed in respiratory specimens for the accurate assessment of SARS-CoV-2 immunopathology. Diverse immune cell subsets were detected in respiratory samples, albeit dominated by neutrophils. Importantly, we also showed that dexamethasone and/or remdesivir treatment did not affect humoral responses in blood of COVID-19 patients. Overall, our study unveils stark differences in innate and adaptive immune responses between respiratory samples and blood and provides important insights into effect of drug therapy on immune responses in COVID-19 patients. | en_AU |
dc.language.iso | en | en_AU |
dc.subject | COVID-19 | en_AU |
dc.subject | Coronavirus | en_AU |
dc.title | Immune responses in COVID-19 respiratory tract and blood reveal mechanisms of disease severity | en_AU |
dc.type | Preprint | en_AU |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1101/2021.09.01.21262715 |
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