Current methods in cancer-related cognitive change intervention: A systematic review with meta-analysis.

Abstract

Purpose Cancer-related cognitive change (CRCC) is a condition that is observed in a large proportion of cancer survivors, impacting activities of daily living and overall wellbeing. Objectives of this study were to identify and categorise interventions previously trialled to manage CRCC, and to analyse the impact of these interventions. Methods This study was a systematic review with meta-analysis. A search of six databases was completed, including years 2007-2017 and limited to randomised control trials (RCTs) published in English. Meta-analysis was accomplished using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software. Results A total of 23 studies were identified that presented interventions for CRCC and met selection criteria. Interventions fell into three categories: cognitive training based intervention, cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT), and alternative/complementary therapies. Overall, CBT interventions had no significant impact on cognitive functioning, while the other categories significantly improved cognitive performance. Conclusions The findings of this study suggest that current research into intervention options for the management of CRCC is limited in scope, however suggests that alternative and complementary therapies are both effective and accessible to cancer survivors. Further, based on current research, CBT is not recommended as an effective CRCC intervention. Implications for Cancer Survivors This study provides insight into current options for the management of CRCC, which may improve the lives of those who experience it. The findings are significant to inform clinical practice and assist practitioners in recommending interventions. Awareness of limitations in the scope of the research, and the financial and time burdens associated with interventions will allow practitioners to make informed decisions around these recommendations. There is need for further, high-quality research in this area that addresses the broader population of cancer survivors.