Composing IoT Wireless Energy Services

Abstract

Energy Service refers to the wireless delivery of energy among nearby IoT devices. Energy services may be harvested from natural resources such as kinetic activity or body heat. Crowdsourcing is an efficient way to leverage energy services to create a self-sustained environment. Moreover, crowdsourcing energy offers convenient and ubiquitous power access for IoT users. A key aspect to unlocking the full potential of the energy service ecosystem is to design an end-to-end Service Oriented Architecture (SOA). We identify three key components of the SOA: energy provider, energy consumer, and super-provider. In this architecture, providers advertise services, consumers submit requests, and the super-provider (i.e., microcell's owner) manages the exchange of energy services between providers and consumers. Existing research addresses challenges related to the consumer's perspective. This thesis addresses challenges from the provider's and super-provider's perspectives. In particular, we investigate composing energy requests to overcome providers' resistance. This thesis also applies energy services in drone swarm delivery, aiming to improve delivery efficiency by minimizing the number of stops and the duration of recharging times. As for the super-provider's perspective, this thesis focuses on two aspects: (1) efficient energy services provisioning and (2) Quality of Experience (QoE) based energy service provisioning. Therefore, this thesis examines utilizing partial services and a recommendation-based approach to efficiently balance energy distribution in a smart city. Moreover, a QoE-aware framework is presented to leverage the provisioning of energy services to ensure the highest consumer satisfaction. The framework addresses challenges related to ensuring service availability, such as providers' provisioning preferences and trust. In summary, this thesis makes several contributions toward the adoption and optimization of energy services in IoT environments.