The future burden of lung cancer attributable to current modifiable behaviours: a pooled study of seven Australian cohorts
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Open Access
Type
ArticleAuthor/s
Laaksonen, MCanfell, K
MacInnis, R
Arriaga, M
Banks, E
Magliano, D
Giles, G
Cumming, R
Byles, J
Mitchell, P
Gill, T
Hirani, V
McCullough, S
Shaw, J
Taylor, A
Adelstein, B
Vajdic, C
Abstract
Background Knowledge of preventable disease and differences in disease burden can inform public health action to improve health and health equity. We quantified the future lung cancer burden preventable by behavioural modifications across Australia. Methods We pooled seven Australian ...
See moreBackground Knowledge of preventable disease and differences in disease burden can inform public health action to improve health and health equity. We quantified the future lung cancer burden preventable by behavioural modifications across Australia. Methods We pooled seven Australian cohort studies (n = 367 058) and linked them to national registries to identify lung cancers and deaths. We estimated population attributable fractions and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for modifiable risk factors, using risk estimates from the cohort data and risk factor exposure distribution from contemporary national health surveys. Results During the first 10-year follow-up, there were 2025 incident lung cancers and 20 349 deaths. Stopping current smoking could prevent 53.7% (95% CI, 50.0–57.2%) of lung cancers over 40 years and 18.3% (11.0–25.1%) in 10 years. The smoking-attributable burden is highest in males, those who smoke <20 cigarettes per day, are <75 years of age, unmarried, of lower educational attainment, live in remote areas or are healthy weight. Increasing physical activity and fruit consumption, if causal, could prevent 15.6% (6.9–23.4%) and 7.5% (1.3–13.3%) of the lung cancer burden, respectively. Jointly, the three behaviour modifications could prevent up to 63.0% (58.0–67.5%) of lung cancers in 40 years, and 31.2% (20.9–40.1%) or 43 300 cancers in 10 years. The preventable burden is highest among those with multiple risk factors. Conclusions Smoking remains responsible for the highest burden of lung cancer in Australia. The uneven burden distribution distinguishes subgroups that could benefit the most from activities to control the world’s deadliest cancer.
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See moreBackground Knowledge of preventable disease and differences in disease burden can inform public health action to improve health and health equity. We quantified the future lung cancer burden preventable by behavioural modifications across Australia. Methods We pooled seven Australian cohort studies (n = 367 058) and linked them to national registries to identify lung cancers and deaths. We estimated population attributable fractions and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for modifiable risk factors, using risk estimates from the cohort data and risk factor exposure distribution from contemporary national health surveys. Results During the first 10-year follow-up, there were 2025 incident lung cancers and 20 349 deaths. Stopping current smoking could prevent 53.7% (95% CI, 50.0–57.2%) of lung cancers over 40 years and 18.3% (11.0–25.1%) in 10 years. The smoking-attributable burden is highest in males, those who smoke <20 cigarettes per day, are <75 years of age, unmarried, of lower educational attainment, live in remote areas or are healthy weight. Increasing physical activity and fruit consumption, if causal, could prevent 15.6% (6.9–23.4%) and 7.5% (1.3–13.3%) of the lung cancer burden, respectively. Jointly, the three behaviour modifications could prevent up to 63.0% (58.0–67.5%) of lung cancers in 40 years, and 31.2% (20.9–40.1%) or 43 300 cancers in 10 years. The preventable burden is highest among those with multiple risk factors. Conclusions Smoking remains responsible for the highest burden of lung cancer in Australia. The uneven burden distribution distinguishes subgroups that could benefit the most from activities to control the world’s deadliest cancer.
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Date
2018-07-02Publisher
Oxford University PressLicence
This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced version of an article accepted for publication in The International Journal of Epidemiology following peer review. The version of record Laaksonen, M. A., Canfell, K., MacInnis, R., Arriaga, M. E., Banks, E., Magliano, D. J., … Vajdic, C. M. (2018). The future burden of lung cancer attributable to current modifiable behaviours: a pooled study of seven Australian cohorts. International Journal of Epidemiology is available online at: https://academic.oup.com/ije/article/47/6/1772/5047843Citation
Laaksonen, M. A., Canfell, K., MacInnis, R., Arriaga, M. E., Banks, E., Magliano, D. J., … Vajdic, C. M. (2018). The future burden of lung cancer attributable to current modifiable behaviours: a pooled study of seven Australian cohorts. International Journal of Epidemiology. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyy136Share