https://hdl.handle.net/2123/30070 Thu, 04 Jun 2026 18:13:32 GMT 2026-06-04T18:13:32Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/35011 Research Paper for Round Table: History and Contributions of the Round Table on Information Access for People with Print Disabilities Athavle, Pulkit; Liu, Yali; Zhou, Yuzhao; Van Bentum, Zoe This paper examines the history, development, and contributions of the Round Table on Information Access for People with Print Disabilities. Drawing on qualitative research, including interviews and document analysis, it traces the Round Table’s role in advancing accessible information practices across Australia. The paper highlights key achievements in advocacy, collaboration, and standard-setting, particularly in improving access to information for people with print disabilities. It also identifies ongoing challenges, including technological change, coordination across sectors, and gaps in accessibility implementation. The report concludes with recommendations to strengthen future efforts, emphasising collaboration, innovation, and sustained policy and institutional support. Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/35011 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/34995 Research Proposal for Disability Leadership Institute: Best Practice Disability Employment Data in Australia Deng, Yuji; Rao, Alisa; Hudson, Scott; Lin, Victor-David This paper outlines a research proposal developed for the Disability Leadership Institute (DLI) to examine barriers to leadership and career progression for people with disability in Australia. The project proposes a mixed-methods approach, combining a literature review with qualitative insights from stakeholders, to identify structural, cultural, and institutional factors shaping access to leadership opportunities. It situates disability leadership within broader frameworks of equity, inclusion, and representation, with particular attention to intersectionality. The proposal aims to generate policy-relevant recommendations to strengthen pathways into leadership and improve organisational practices, contributing to more inclusive and accessible professional environments across sectors. Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/34995 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/34993 Research Paper for Grattan Institute: Misinformation and Disinformation in Elections Braun, Hannah; Williams, Katelyn; Lenehan Choo, Olive; Karpinellison, Ondine; Pillai, Sameera Binod This report examines the role of misinformation and disinformation in democratic elections and their potential impacts on public trust, political debate, and electoral integrity. Through a literature review and international case studies of elections in the United States, United Kingdom, and Germany, the report analyses how misleading information circulates through both conventional and digital media channels. While evidence of direct effects on voting behaviour remains mixed, the findings suggest that widespread exposure to misleading information contributes to declining trust in democratic institutions and heightened political polarisation. The report also reviews international regulatory and policy responses and proposes reforms to strengthen resilience against misinformation in the Australian electoral context. Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/34993 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/34991 Research Paper for First Nations Economics: What Policies Are Needed to Support the Economic Participation of First Nations Women in Entrepreneurship and Leadership Roles? Villaca Parker, Carolina; Sutter, Eric; White, Mae; Rinsy, Shreya This report examines policy measures needed to strengthen the economic participation of First Nations women in entrepreneurship and leadership in Australia. Conducted in collaboration with First Nations Economics (FNE), an Aboriginal-led organisation focused on self-determination and economic sovereignty, the report analyses key policy initiatives including the National Agreement on Closing the Gap, the Women’s Economic Security Package, the Indigenous Procurement Policy, and Strong Women Strong Business. The study identifies intersectional barriers affecting First Nations women, such as limited access to capital, caregiving responsibilities, geographic isolation, and underrepresentation in leadership. It recommends more integrated policy approaches, improved gender-disaggregated data, and culturally grounded frameworks to support sustainable and inclusive economic empowerment. Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/34991 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/34990 Research Paper for Association of Children’s Welfare Agencies: Practice Frameworks for Working With Children and Families Who Need Support Saha, Bineeta; Burridge, Gillian; Simington, Isaac; Liu, Jiajin This report examines practice frameworks used across the Australian child protection and family support sector to identify common practice elements, guidance for working with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander families, and key factors influencing implementation. Reviewing fifteen government and non-government frameworks, the study finds broad alignment around principles such as child-centred practice, family-centred approaches, cultural responsiveness, and collaborative decision-making. However, frameworks vary significantly in their theoretical foundations, specificity of practice guidance, and implementation supports. The analysis highlights gaps in culturally grounded practice guidance and limited Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander–led design. The report identifies leadership, workforce development, collaboration, and system alignment as critical enablers of effective implementation. Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/34990 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/34481 Research Paper for Global Migration Lab (Australian Red Cross): Addressing Humanitarian Challenges and Protecting Migrants in the Global South Bibon, Phoebe Julien; Thomas Hiscox, Jessica; Campbell, Brianna; Zhang, Manjin This report, prepared for the Australian Red Cross Global Migration Lab, examines protection mechanisms for migrants in the Global South, focusing on Colombia, Mexico, Kenya, and South Africa. Through comparative analysis of domestic and regional policies, it evaluates how protection is understood and implemented across humanitarian, legal, and socio-economic contexts. The report identifies challenges including securitisation, irregular migration, and gender-based vulnerabilities, and highlights good practices such as regularisation schemes and regional cooperation. It concludes with recommendations to strengthen migrant protection through inclusive policy design, coordination between state and non-state actors, and rights-based approaches to migration governance. Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/34481 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/34480 Research Paper for Australian Human Rights Commission: Experiences of Pregnancy and Pregnancy Leave in the Workplace Herath, Singithi; Sami, Tamjid; Co, Tiffany; Hu, Wavie This report, prepared for the Australian Human Rights Commission, examines the experiences of pregnancy and parental leave in Australian workplaces since the Commission’s 2014 national inquiry. It assesses developments in legislation, workplace practice, and gender equality, identifying persistent barriers for pregnant employees and caregivers, particularly those from marginalised communities. Drawing on a human rights framework, it analyses gaps in protection and proposes reforms to expand access to paid parental leave, strengthen data collection, promote cultural change, and ensure equitable participation in the workforce. The report highlights international best practices to inform Australia’s ongoing policy and gender equality reforms. Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/34480 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/34479 Research Paper for Legal Aid NSW: Increasing Supports for Vulnerable People Leaving Custody Who Are at Risk of Reoffending Searle, Eleanor; Taylor, Jessie; Chiang, Lok Sum Samuel; Tangging, Nurhati This report, prepared for Legal Aid NSW, examines strategies to support vulnerable people leaving custody who are at risk of reoffending. It analyses throughcare programs across Australia and internationally, including in New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and Norway, to identify best practices for reducing recidivism. The research highlights barriers to reintegration such as housing insecurity, unemployment, and inadequate post-release support, and emphasises the effectiveness of holistic, individualised throughcare models. Recommendations include improved coordination of support services, better program evaluation, and increased access to stable housing and community-based rehabilitation to break cycles of disadvantage and reduce repeat offending in NSW. Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/34479 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/34401 Research Paper for Australian Human Rights Commission: Access to Justice: What Experiences and Barriers do LGBTQIA+ Individuals Face when Seeking Legal Redress for Discrimination? Doundiyal, Ananya; Hamra, Zoe; Nguyen, August; Reynolds, Madeleine This report, for the Australian Human Rights Commission, investigates the experiences and barriers faced by LGBTQIA+ individuals in seeking legal redress for discrimination in Australia. Drawing on doctrinal analysis and a review of academic and grey literature, the paper identifies systemic shortcomings in anti-discrimination law, jurisdictional inconsistencies, and the enduring influence of historical prejudice on access to justice. It further examines how intersecting marginalities—such as race, disability, or refugee status—compound these barriers. The report proposes reforms to enhance cultural safety and equity in the justice system. Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/34401 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/33771 Research Paper for Australian Human Rights Commission (Disability Discrimination Commissioner): Disability Discrimination in Air Travel Chen, Andy; Shanmugakani, Harshini; Chiang, Lok Sum Samuel; Lam, Tiffany Passengers with disabilities in Australia face persistent barriers to air travel, with complaints rising by 78.6% in the past decade. Issues include mobility aid mishandling, inconsistent assistance animal policies, and discriminatory security screening. Despite obligations under the Disability Discrimination Act 1992 and the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, current policies fail to ensure equitable access. This report critiques the Aviation White Paper’s shortcomings and recommends four key reforms: establishing an enforcement authority, creating an independent ombuds scheme, launching a national rights-awareness campaign, and embedding accessibility officers in airlines and airports. These measures aim to enhance accessibility, protect passenger rights, and align Australia with global best practices. Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/33771 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/33748 Research Paper for The Ethics Centre: The Ethics and Regulation of Artificial Intelligence Rao, Alisa; Shi, Kaixuan; Cao, Miranda; Ley, Miranda This paper examines the regulation of ethical artificial intelligence (AI), addressing key challenges in fairness, transparency, and data privacy as AI becomes increasingly embedded in healthcare, finance, and government. Through a comparative analysis of AI regulatory frameworks in the European Union, the United States, and China, the paper explores how cultural, political, and social factors shape different approaches to ethical AI governance. Based on these insights, it proposes regulatory recommendations for Australia, including mandatory risk assessments, the adoption of regulatory sandboxes, and legally binding ethical AI principles. These measures aim to balance innovation with the responsible deployment of AI technologies. Thu, 27 Mar 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/33748 2025-03-27T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/33744 Research Paper for Australian Human Rights Commission (Disability Discrimination Commissioner): The Right of Persons with Disability to Inclusive Education Lahkar, Trinayan; Tangging, Nurhati; Thatcher, Ciara This report advocates for a fully inclusive education system in Australia, in line with international human rights law and the country’s obligations under the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD). Inclusive education integrates students of all abilities into mainstream classrooms, supported by systemic reforms to meet diverse needs. This approach upholds principles of equality, non-discrimination, and the United Nations’ goal of quality education for all. While countries like New Zealand and Canada have made significant progress, Australia remains behind in eliminating segregated schooling. The 2023 Royal Commission into Violence, Abuse, Neglect, and Exploitation of People with Disability underscored the urgency of this transition, recommending the abolition of special schools by 2051. A phased, systematic approach is needed to address policy and operational barriers, ensuring a fully inclusive education system. Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/33744 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/33743 Research Paper for First Nations Foundation: Australian First Nations Customers’ Experiences with Financial Services: An Analysis of Cultural Safety, Inclusive, and Exploitative Practices by Australian Banking and Credit Institutions Chung, Raewon; Hong, Haotian; Mishra, Gautam This report for the First Nations Foundation, examines the cultural safety, inclusivity, and exploitative practices of Australian financial institutions and their impact on First Nations peoples. It compares traditional banks—Australia’s top eight by home loan value—with non-traditional lenders, including smaller institutions and Buy Now, Pay Later (BNPL) services. Traditional banks have implemented external cultural awareness training and First Nations-specific customer service lines, particularly for remote communities. Smaller banks lack these services, likely due to lower First Nations engagement. Credit access also differs significantly. Traditional banks enforce strict eligibility and risk mitigation policies, while non-traditional lenders offer minimal barriers, making them more accessible but often leading to financial harm. BNPL services are similarly high-risk for First Nations users. The report also notes variations in self-identification policies, with voluntary measures in major banks and mandatory policies in some superannuation funds. While reconciliation efforts—particularly through Reconciliation Action Plans (RAPs)—show progress, further research and policy improvements are needed to close the gap in financial service experiences. Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/33743 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/33381 Research Paper for National Tertiary Education Union: Reforming University Governance Yan, Paige; Museyibzada, Rabiyya; Zhang, Ruitian; Reynolds, Madeleine This report analyses and compares governance systems across universities in New South Wales (NSW) and Victoria, focusing on the University of Sydney (USYD) and the University of Melbourne (UniMelb) as representative institutions. Through qualitative and quantitative methods, the study examines foundational legislation, policies, and financial statements to assess governance effectiveness and identify opportunities for reform. Key findings reveal significant gaps in the specificity and implementation of university founding acts, with particular issues surrounding USYD's governance structures and UniMelb’s alignment with contemporary values. Financial analyses highlight opacity in USYD’s financial reporting, particularly in categorisation and clarity of transactions. These deficiencies hinder transparency and the universities’ ability to fulfil their legislated responsibilities as academic institutions. The paper recommends targeted reforms, including modernising legislation, streamlining governance structures, enhancing financial transparency, and aligning university policies with contemporary educational standards. These steps aim to strengthen accountability and ensure that universities meet their obligations as public educational and research institutions. Sun, 01 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/33381 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/33275 Research Paper for Red Cross Red Crescent Global Migration Lab: Humanitarian Aspects of Labour Migration in the Asia Pacific Nochez Godoy, Carlos Mauricio; Jodie, Lam; Surenthiraraj, Rebecca; Finnegan, Christopher This report examines the humanitarian challenges of international labour migration in the Asia-Pacific (APAC) region, evaluating current responses and recommending actions to improve migrant worker safety, rights, and wellbeing. Migrants in APAC face health risks from hazardous work environments, socio-legal issues like limited legal protections and discrimination, and broader impacts on countries of origin. While policies such as New Zealand’s Recognized Seasonal Employers Scheme provide partial support, further measures are needed. Key recommendations include establishing anonymous reporting for workplace hazards, creating culturally accessible healthcare and legal resources, and promoting coordinated policies between origin and destination countries. For origin countries, strategies focus on workforce development, support for families of migrants, and stable remittance flows. These recommendations aim to strengthen protections and resources for APAC migrant workers and their communities. Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/33275 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/33259 Research Paper for Transforming Justice Australia and Open Circle: Developing a National legislative framework or guidelines for the use of restorative justice in response to sexual violence in Australia Garcia-Dolnik, Emilie; Klein, Laura; Loiselle, Sophie Presently, there is no national legislative framework for the application of restorative justice (RJ) in sexual violence settings in Australia. Due to Australia’s federal system, RJ opportunities are inconsistently available across states and territories, restricting access to victim-offender dialogue and rehabilitation throughout the criminal justice system (CJS). This report proposes the establishment of a national best practice framework, based on an extensive review of the literature. It will first consider the necessity of this exercise framed within the context of Australia's current state-based legislative frameworks, and international obligations. Given this environment, best practice standards will then be identified with relevant examples. The proposed legislative framework protects, standardises, and empowers existing RJ structures, with a focus on broadening the relevance of these processes for Indigenous peoples, children, and victims of crime, with a human rights ethic. Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/33259 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/33238 Research Paper for the Australian Human Rights Commission: Adaptation to the 2021 Guidelines for Addressing Spectator Racism in Community Ajam, Rayana; Beltran Arguello, Sebastian; Bui, Minh Tuan; Mak, Sophie; Whalland, Jordan Sport plays a pivotal role in Australian culture; however, it can also serve as a site of discrimination, particularly for non-white and Indigenous athletes who face racism and harassment. This paper examines the anti-racism frameworks implemented by the Australian Football League (AFL) and Football Australia (FA), highlighting their foundational role in addressing discrimination but noting their inadequacy in combating spectator racism at the community level. In 2023, the Australian Human Rights Commission (AHRC) initiated efforts to adapt its 2021 Guide on spectator racism to better address these issues within community sports. This research identifies critical gaps in the current anti-racism infrastructure, providing recommendations aimed at enhancing the understanding and prevention of spectator racism. By focusing on these gaps, the paper seeks to contribute to the development of more effective strategies for managing and mitigating racism in community sporting environments. Sun, 01 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/33238 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/33236 Research Paper for Legal Aid New South Wales: Raising the Minimum Age of Criminal Responsibility and alternatives to prosecuting young children Zhang, Georgia; Mulligan, Darcy; Karunaratne, Maheka; Kassem, Mimi This research report examines the minimum age of criminal responsibility in Australia, particularly in New South Wales (NSW), where it stands at 10 years—among the lowest in OECD countries. By analyzing progressive juvenile justice models from countries such as Portugal, Spain, and Nordic nations, the paper proposes reforms aimed at enhancing the rehabilitative framework for young offenders in NSW. Emphasizing alignment with the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, the report advocates for raising the minimum age of criminal responsibility to 14 and adopting a welfare-oriented approach for offenders aged 13 and under. It highlights the importance of early intervention, cultural sensitivity, and educational support, drawing on successful initiatives like the Youth Koori Court to address Indigenous youth overrepresentation. The proposed reforms seek to create a more holistic juvenile justice system that prioritizes rehabilitation, community support, and compliance with international standards, ultimately fostering better outcomes for young individuals and society at large. Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/33236 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/33196 Research Paper for Legal Aid New South Wales: Oversight of community housing providers, focusing on avenues for tenants to seek review of community housing providers’ policy decisions Buckland, Kerry; Wang, Jamey; Chiang, Lok Sum Samuel; Shanmugakani, Harshini; Jeong, Christina This research paper examines the oversight of Community Housing Providers (CHPs) in New South Wales (NSW) and across other Australian states and territories, focusing on transparency, tenant rights, and decision review processes. With around 30% of NSW’s social housing managed by CHPs, the lack of consistent government or judicial oversight poses challenges for tenants, who are among the most vulnerable in society. The paper assesses different states’ approaches to CHP regulation, specifically regarding avenues for review, registration requirements, appeals bodies, policy transparency, and consistency with government guidelines. The findings highlight that states like Western Australia, Victoria, and the Australian Capital Territory offer both internal and external review processes for tenants, including access to independent bodies like ombudsmen and tribunals. By contrast, most other states rely primarily on the National Regulatory Scheme for Community Housing (NRSCH) for oversight. The paper identifies best practices in states with more transparent and accessible review mechanisms and suggests that NSW could benefit from adopting similar regulatory structures to enhance tenant protection and decision-making transparency. Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/33196 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/33195 Research Paper for Australian Centre for International Justice: What are the political, social and other factors that led to the establishment of a specialised unit for international crimes investigations in overseas jurisdictions? Barry, Madaline; Wootton, Angela; Gao, Tianyi; Hani, Ali This research paper examines the potential for establishing an international war crimes unit in Australia by analyzing the creation and operation of similar units in Germany, the United Kingdom, the United States, and Canada. Despite Australia's existing legal framework, the government has not yet implemented such a unit. To address this gap, the paper investigates the social and political factors that have shaped the successful formation of war crimes units in other jurisdictions. Primary sources, such as public policy papers, government reports, and grey literature, were used to assess the effectiveness of these specialized units. The research identifies common challenges faced by other countries, including the need for legislative reform, improved collaboration with international mechanisms, and depoliticization of actions. It highlights Germany’s process of reckoning with its war crimes history as a model for Australia. The paper concludes that for Australia to successfully tackle war crimes, it must first address allegations against its own soldiers and take a clear stance against war crimes, thereby building trust, transparency, and accountability. This approach would ensure adequate funding and support for the prosecution of international crimes. Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/33195 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/33193 Research Paper for Action for Public Housing Glebe (A4PH): What are the implications of the growth of community housing for social housing tenants concerning security of tenure as well as public oversight and tenancy freedom in NSW? Wright, Madelaine; Shah, Dhyana; Sice, James Fitzgerald; Lewis, Toby This paper examines the socioeconomic impacts of Community Housing Providers (CHPs) on social housing tenants in New South Wales (NSW), with a focus on security of tenure, tenant freedoms, and public oversight. It finds that while CHPs contribute to increasing housing stock, their rapid expansion has negative effects on tenants, including reduced ontological security, widening social inequalities, and restrictions on tenant rights through conditional behavior clauses in leases. The paper recommends regulatory reforms to address these issues. Key proposals include mandatory performance reporting for CHPs, a minimum five-year lease term to enhance tenant security, and the establishment of a public housing developer to reduce reliance on the private sector. These reforms aim to improve tenant well-being, protect their rights, and ensure equitable social outcomes across NSW. Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/33193 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/33156 Research Paper for the Red Cross Red Crescent Global Migration Lab: Operational models of cross-border collaboration on humanitarian action Aung, Win Lwin; Bacoy, Samantha; Gopalani, Aman; Mak, Sophie; Nugent, Lalla; Paton, Mayling; Tanuwibawa, Krista This report examines the collaboration between government bodies, international organizations (IOs), non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and humanitarian agencies in providing aid to vulnerable migrants along the Central Mediterranean Route, focusing on Libya and Italy. The route, one of the most dangerous for migrants crossing from Africa to Europe, has seen a sharp rise in deaths and disappearances, particularly in early 2023. The report is divided into three sections: an analysis of existing cross-border collaboration models, such as those of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), the International Organisation for Migration (IOM), and Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF), applied to the Libyan context; a review of healthcare needs for migrants, particularly children, in Italy; and an assessment of child-specific healthcare provision models. The report identifies gaps in current collaboration efforts and concludes with recommendations for the Australian Red Cross (ARC) Global Migration Lab to improve the protection of migrant children’s health and well-being through increased collaboration transparency, enhanced service access, and a deeper understanding of vulnerable migrants’ needs. Sun, 01 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/33156 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/33152 Research Paper for Domestic Violence NSW: Development of minimum standards and best practice for women’s refuge management and service delivery in NSW Dorfman Knijnik, Marina; Milne, Amelia Drummond; Padukka, Wayanna; Dorfman Knijnik, Luiza; Johnson, Alexandra; Shahian, Laya Sadat Madar; Clay, Charles; MacOurt, Felicity This report addresses the ongoing threat of domestic and family violence (DFV) to the wellbeing of women and children in New South Wales (NSW) and globally, emphasising the critical role women’s refuges play in ensuring safety and access to justice for survivor-victims. Despite their importance, NSW women's refuges lack a set of minimum standards to define the range of essential services they must provide. The report advocates for the introduction of such standards to improve outcomes for DFV survivors. It begins by differentiating between 'best practices guidelines' and 'minimum standards' and providing background on current NSW domestic violence policies. A comparative analysis of Australia’s standards with international jurisdictions is presented, with a focus on South Australia and Victoria’s approaches to refuge management. Victoria’s Royal Commission into Family and Domestic Violence highlights the benefits of core and cluster models for privacy and independence, while South Australia emphasizes the need for standards in staff training and secure housing. The report also compares standards from the European Council and the National Association of Services Against Sexual Violence with those of Domestic Violence NSW (DVNSW). The report concludes by recommending that minimum standards should address not only refuge layouts but also include specialist care and consistently apply a gendered approach to support services. Sun, 01 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/33152 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/33151 Research Paper for Legal Aid NSW: Civil detention for high risk offenders Desai, Isha; Hodge, Sebastian; Barrell, Adam; Filer, Anastacia; Chan, Shannon; Evans, Sophie; Chan, Yi Jia This report investigates alternative approaches to post-sentence preventive detention, focusing on the locations where such sentences are served and the policies in two domestic and four international jurisdictions. It also examines non-prison detention models for high-risk offenders from three additional countries. The analysis aims to determine whether these models can improve the effectiveness of New South Wales’ current post-sentence regime while balancing community safety and offender rehabilitation. After outlining the theoretical foundations of post-sentence detention, the report assesses in-prison approaches in Victoria and Queensland, and contrasts them with alternative detention models in Germany, Yemen, Denmark, and Norway. The report highlights the potential of specialized cognitive and behavioural rehabilitation programs, drawing on successful models in Singapore, New Zealand, and Canada. The findings support the integration of community-based and non-prison facilities into post-sentence detention frameworks to reduce recidivism and enhance reintegration outcomes. Due to scope limitations, further research is recommended to assess the practical application of these models in NSW. Sun, 01 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/33151 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/33150 Research Paper for Australian Human Rights Commission (Racial Discrimination Team): Developing a community centred, engagement framework for policy reform Kalinauskas, Ava; Lindsay, Emma; Tennekoon, Sujeewa; Bhattarai, Rohit; Short, Jeremy; Lambrecht, Alexia This submission examines existing literature on human rights-based approaches to guide the AHRC in the development of its Anti-Racism Framework. Specifically, it reviews available literature in five comparable jurisdictions: Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom (‘UK’), and the United States of America (‘US’). For each jurisdiction, the submission draws upon sources on human rights-based policy co-design to identify, describe, and analyse demonstrated ways to meaningfully engage communities beyond the ‘usual suspects’ when pushing for reform. It provides insight into innovative approaches to policy co-design, evaluation mechanisms, evidence for success, challenges, mitigation strategies, and similarities and differences across policy making processes within Australia and comparable jurisdictions. These insights are organised in the form of an overview of human rights-based approaches including at least one significant case study for each jurisdiction. Sun, 01 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/33150 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/31414 Research Paper for Australian Human Rights Commission (National Children's Commissioner): Effective support and early intervention approaches to offending behaviour by children and innovative international responses to serious offending by children and young people Ah-See, Tyren; Habibi, Yasmin; Hems, Emily; Lim, Joyce; Perera, Thilini; Talesara, Abha This literature review outlines the arguments for raising the age of criminal responsibility for children in Australia from 10 years to at least 14 years of age. It advocates for systems reform so that young offenders are diverted away from the criminal justice system. Ecological Systems Theory postulates that a child’s development involves a complex interrelated systems of social relations. Using this as a base, this review highlights how key structural drivers such as health, mental disability, family and societal factors underlie some offending behaviours. Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/31414 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z