https://hdl.handle.net/2123/17673 Sat, 13 Jun 2026 06:25:59 GMT 2026-06-13T06:25:59Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19259 How green is a lean supply chain? Fahimnia, Behnam; Sarkis, Joseph; Eshragh, Ali This article presents a supply chain planning model that can be used to investigate tradeoffs between cost and environmental degradation including carbon emissions, energy consumption and waste generation. The model also incorporates other aspects of real world supply chains such as multiple transport lot sizing and flexible holding capacity of warehouses. The application of the model and solution method is investigated in an actual case problem. Our analysis of the numerical results focuses on investigating relationship between lean practices and green outcomes. We find that (1) not all lean interventions at the tactical supply chain planning level result in green benefits, and (2) an agile supply chain is the greenest and most efficient alternative when compared to strictly lean and centralized situations. Mon, 01 Dec 2014 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19259 2014-12-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19273 Value creation using social media in a virtual business model: how Amazon approaches customer service on twitter Bhattacharjya, Jyotirmoyee; Tripathi, Sonali; Ellison, Adrian B; Kitratporn, Nuntikorn With the growing popularity of social media sites, consumer-focused businesses across industry sectors have started conducting both promotional activities and customer service related interactions via the same platforms. Companies can no longer hope to keep expressions of customer dissatisfaction hidden from the public eye. This preliminary qualitative study examines the exchanges between Amazon and their customers on the micro blogging platform Twitter from over a period of 18 days. 2385 conversations involving 6518 tweets were analyzed and coded to achieve an understanding of how an online shopping site is approaching promotions and customer service issues. The study provides insight on how Amazon uses Twitter to interact with customers in relation to their enquiries, suggestions, and negative and positive feedback. Wed, 01 Oct 2014 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19273 2014-10-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19251 The influence of online reviews on decision making – implications to the travel industry Lok, Peter; Asano, Glenn; Rhodes, Jo This study adopts a quantitative approach using a factorial between-subjects experimental design to determine the effects of online reviews on brand trust and consumer equity. Customer equity links closely with customer value, brand value and relationships unlike willingness to buy. An online user discussion forum was purpose-built to conduct experimental research for this study, using a restricted probability sample of 269 participants drawn from a registered US online panel. The key findings from the research are: (a) that the valence of consumer-to-consumer online reviews positively affects consumer equity, which further supports previous findings; (b) that negative online reviews cause value equity to decrease, positive online reviews cause brand equity to increase, and negative online reviews cause brand equity and relationship equity to decrease equally; (c) as brand trust increases, the change in the consumer equity drivers (value, brand and relationship) tend to become more negative, thereby affecting customer equity (this is a significant new finding); and (d) that contrary to the literature, consumer-to-consumer online reviews demonstrated no significant relationship with brand trust. Tue, 01 Jul 2014 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19251 2014-07-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19257 Not too late to learn from the Sydney Olympics experience: Opportunities offered by multimodality in current transport policy Mulley, Corinne; Moutou, Claudine Sydney is the Australian city that attracts the most global attention with its beautiful harbour, its iconic attractions of the harbour bridge and opera house. Tourists may leave Sydney with a complimentary view of Sydney’s public transport but the Sydneysider’s assessments of Sydney’s public transport system is often much harsher, especially if the journey requires travel beyond the immediate centre of the city. In Sydney, the reference point of what constitutes a functioning transport system is informed by the success of the transport system in meeting the needs of the participants and observers at the Olympics in 2000. Changes to the transport system to provide more multimodal travel were supported by Sydneysiders and visitors and this paper analyses why this success has not been translated into everyday public transport. The analysis of the paper allows the opportunities which still exist for Sydney to benefit from the success of the Olympics to be highlighted. These opportunities involve strengthening the opportunities for, and acceptance of, multimodal trips by the travelling public. Sat, 01 Nov 2014 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19257 2014-11-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19256 Analysing air operators’ managerial perceptions of incentives for competing for regional PSO air services within Europe Merkert, Rico; O’Fee, Basil While it has been established in previous research that public support for air services to peripheral or economically underdeveloped regions is justifiable, the current EU Public Service Obligation (PSO) air service mechanism and particularly the level of competition for PSO contracts can be improved. This paper set out to identify best practice from different European policy approaches by viewing issues from an air operator perspective. The heart of this paper is a survey of European regional air service providers. We examine the airline managers’ perspectives in relation to assessing and bidding for PSOs on scheduled air services. Proposed improvement areas include issues around the simple dissemination of PSO opportunities in the single market, adequate response times for proposal preparation/submission and in preparing for a start date, incentives to develop the air service during the contract period in terms of revenue and patronage. We also identify entry barriers as well as issues around risk sharing, transparency and effectiveness of PSO contract awarding procedures and trust issues with procurement authorities. Sat, 01 Nov 2014 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19256 2014-11-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19250 Open access for railways and transaction cost economics – Management perspectives of Australia's rail companies Merkert, Rico; Hensher, David A. With the aim to improve efficiency and value for money, in addition to tendered services the European Commission approach to rail organisation allows substantial open access rail services in both passenger and freight operations. This paper investigates, from a transaction cost perspective, whether the European approach is applicable to the Australian context, and more generally to all regions and types of operation. A key focus of this paper is on vertically integrated railways owned by mining companies who are increasingly encouraged to provide open access to their competitors. In addition to the policy perspective, our discussion also includes the views of senior rail managers. Sun, 01 Jun 2014 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19250 2014-06-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19253 The Role of Source Preference and Subjective Probability in Valuing Expected Travel Time Savings Hensher, David A.; Li, Zheng; Ho, Chinh This paper proposes a fully subjective approach to capture the impact of travel time variability on travel decision making that accommodates subjective probabilities and source preference, the latter construct referring to respondent preferences to make judgments on matters that they have reasonable if only vague beliefs about than on matched chance events. The methods of eliciting subjective probabilities and source preference are discussed together with a suggested way forward to introduce, and hence capture parametrically, attitudes towards uncertainty. Using a 2014 survey of commuters in Sydney, we provide examples of modelling source preference and the implications for valuing expected travel time savings. The paper highlights the limitations of stated choice experiments when subjective attribute levels and their occurrence are relevant, suggesting a return to a revised focus on revealed preference data. Fri, 01 Aug 2014 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19253 2014-08-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19252 An investigation of taste and reference dependence heterogeneity Collins, Andrew; Rose, John This paper considers reference dependence and loss/gain asymmetry in a stated choice (SC) study in which the attribute levels pivot around those of a recent trip. A latent class (LC) model is presented that allows for heterogeneity both in the tastes, and the nature and magnitude of any reference dependence. In addition to the expected taste heterogeneity, differences in reference dependence across the sample are observed. For both attributes for which reference dependence is possible in this study, running cost and trip time, a lack of reference dependence is most common, followed by loss aversion, then, for a small but significant minority, gain seeking. Two classes have no reference dependence to either attribute, and are differentiated by the magnitude of the values of time. Two classes present mixed evidence about the reference dependence across the attributes. One class demonstrates loss aversion to both attributes, leading to a clear willingness to pay (WTP)/willingness to accept (WTA) asymmetry, where the mean value represents a near average value of time. Most intriguing is a class, representing about 9 percent of the sample, which exhibits gain seeking to both attributes, and a high value of time. The gain seeking thus pushes the high WTP higher. Such a finding could have implications when evaluating infrastructure investments with respect to highly time sensitive travellers. Tue, 01 Jul 2014 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19252 2014-07-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19254 Linking Discrete Choice to Continuous Demand in a Spatial Computable General Equilibrium Model Truong, Truong P.; Hensher, David A. Discrete choice (DC) models are often used to describe consumer behaviour at a disaggregate level where the choice decision is defined in terms of a set of alternatives (commodities) differentiated mainly by their quality attributes rather than just prices, and individuals making the choice decisions are differentiated by their socio-economic characteristics rather than just income level. DC models therefore are rich in details which are important for policies analysis at a micro or intra-sectoral level (e.g., transport sector, housing sector). In contrast, continuous demand (CD) models are specialized in describing behaviour at an aggregate (inter-sectoral) level (e.g. trade-off between transport and land-use activities). DC and CD models are therefore complements rather than substitutes and increasingly, there is a need to integrate the use of both types of models especially in an economy-wide model to look at the impacts of policies which are implemented at a microeconomic level (e.g. investment in a particular transport network) and yet having impacts which are measured adequately only at an economy-wide level. This paper presents a methodology for integrating the use of DC and CD models in the framework of a computable general equilibrium (economy-wide) model. The paper also illustrates the application of this methodology suggested in an empirical example, taken from a study of the investment in the Northwest Rail network in the Sydney Metropolitan Area (Australia). Fri, 01 Aug 2014 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19254 2014-08-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19255 Why Chinese airlines haven’t become leading cargo carriers - analyzing air freight network and international trade drivers for mainland China Gong, Qiang; Wang, Kun; Fan, Xingli; Fu, Xiaowen In contrast to the tremendous growth in the passenger sector, Chinese airlines and logistics operators still play relatively minor roles in the world’s air cargo market. This study investigates the air freight network within mainland China using complex network analysis, and identifies the key drivers for international trade delivered by air with an augmented gravity model. Our network analysis suggests that domestic air freights flow through a relatively small point-to-point network. Demands are concentrated in the catchments of metropolitan regions, where passenger hubs have not served as cargo gateways. International air cargo flow is more balanced than China’s overall merchandise trade. As a result, foreign carriers can cherry-pick the most lucrative markets and link them to their global networks. Gravity model estimation suggests that for China’s international trade by air, the composition of the economy is a more important driver than the simple size of the economy. Therefore, air freight demand in China was not as high as past GDP numbers suggested, but is likely to outpace overall economic growth in the years to come. This should help Chinese airlines to achieve their cargo ambitions in the long term. Wed, 01 Oct 2014 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19255 2014-10-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19274 Constrained stated choice experimental designs Collins, Andrew T.; Bliemer, Michiel C.J.; Rose, John M. While a significant literature exists on the generation of experimental designs for stated choice experiments, little work has been done to effectively accommodate constraints on these designs. Constraints may include the prevention of dominated alternatives, the exclusion of specific combinations of attribute levels on plausibility and realism grounds, and the imposition of attribute level balance. We argue that most such constraints are fundamental to the success of the experiment, and should always, at least where feasible, be respected. The notable exception is level balance, which can instead be imposed as a soft constraint, using a level balance measure introduced herein. Various rule structures for specifying the constraints are proposed, as are two new algorithms that can conform to any such rules, whilst allowing the analyst to control the level of importance placed on level balance. From the two case studies investigated, it is determined that the type of constraints specified may influence which algorithm performs best, or even if the algorithm finds a solution at all. Excluding specific combinations of attribute levels reduces the statistical efficiency of the design but is nonetheless warranted. By contrast, the reduction in efficiency resulting from level balance may be excessive, and the analyst should test the trade-offs between these two design properties, by varying the weight placed on level balance in the objective function. The proposed techniques allow researchers to focus not just on the statistical efficiency of these experiments, but behavioural realism and plausibility as well. Wed, 01 Oct 2014 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19274 2014-10-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19193 An efficient event‐based algorithm for solving first order dynamic network loading problems Raadsen, Mark P.H.; Bliemer, Michiel C.J.; Bell, Michael G.H. In this paper we will present a novel solution algorithm for the Generalised Link Transmission Model (G-LTM). It will utilise a truly event based approach supporting the generation of exact results, unlike its time discretised counterparts. Furthermore, it can also be configured to yield approximate results, when this approach is adopted its computational complexity decreases dramatically. It will be demonstrated on a theoretical as well as a real world network that when utilising fixed periods of stationary demands to mimic departure time demand fluctuations, this novel approach can be efficient while maintaining a high level of result accuracy. The link model is complemented by a generic node model formulation yielding a proper generic first order DNL solution algorithm. Thu, 01 May 2014 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19193 2014-05-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19214 Willingness to accept longer commutes for better salaries: understanding the differences within and between couples Beck, Matthew J.; Hess, Stephane This paper reports on an analysis aiming to understand differences across individual people in their willingness to accept increased commuting time in return for higher salary, using Hierarchical Bayes (HB) analysis of a dataset collected in Sweden. In addition to differences across key socio-demographic groups, we also study the differences between valuations obtained in choices where respondents are faced only with their own commute journeys and those where they make decisions jointly for themselves and their partner. The analysis has revealed a very rich set of findings. We observe major differences between men and women in their preferences. We also note how these preferences change when respondents are faced with choices that affect both themselves and their partner. Finally, there are major differences between respondents’ own preferences and those assigned to them by their partner in the joint choices. An extensive regression analysis has highlighted a diverse set of drivers for these differences, be they socio-demographics, attitudes, or current commute circumstances. The sheer richness of our results is a reflection of the benefits of a HB approach in the present context. Mon, 01 Sep 2014 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19214 2014-09-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19145 Cost efficiency under negotiated performance‐based contracts and benchmarking – Are there gains through competitive tendering in the absence of an incumbent public monopolist? Hensher, David A. This paper uses data obtained from numerous sources in Australia to assess the extent to which negotiated performance-based contracts with actionable benchmarking can achieve as good as, or better, improvement in cost efficiency compared to competitive tendering when incumbents are not public operators. Stakeholders who promote the position that Government should choose to test the market for value for money through tendering, especially where incumbent operators demonstrate benchmarked cost efficiency, given the primary responsibility to the taxpayer, appear on the evidence in this paper to be inappropriately claiming noticeable benefits to society. Wed, 01 Jan 2014 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19145 2014-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19191 A unified framework for traffic assignment: deriving static and quasi‐dynamic models consistent with general first order dynamic traffic assignment models Bliemer, Michiel C.J.; Raadsen, Mark P.H.; Brederode, Luuk; Bell, Michael G.H.; Wismans, Luc J.J. This paper presents a theoretical framework to derive static, quasi-dynamic, and semi-dynamic traffic assignment models from a general first order dynamic traffic assignment model. By explicit derivation from a dynamic model, the resulting models maintain maximum consistency with dynamic models. Further, the derivations can be done with any fundamental diagram, any turn flow restrictions, and deterministic or stochastic route choice. We demonstrate the framework by deriving static (quasidynamic) models that explicitly take queuing and spillback into account. These models are generalisations of models previously proposed in the literature. We further discuss all assumptions usually implicitly made in the traditional static traffic assignment model. Tue, 01 Apr 2014 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19191 2014-04-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19190 Housing prices and price endogeneity in tenure and dwelling type choice models Ho, Chinh; Hensher, David The application of a strategic transport – land use model usually requires dwelling price data for both the chosen and non-chosen alternatives. Previous studies have used average dwelling prices either externally sourced from Census and commercial data or internally generated by hedonic models. The use of average prices may be reasonable if the spatial resolution is fine enough to ensure the absence of price endogeneity– a well known issue but hardly investigated in the literature on housing choices. Using data collected from a revealed preference survey conducted in Sydney in 2013, this paper presents a hedonic price model to obtain price data for each dwelling as a function of dwelling and location characteristics. The data are then used as input into a tenure and dwelling type choice model and a test undertaken to investigate the possible presence of price endogeneity, which we show to not exist. Price elasticities of demand for different dwelling types are derived and the application of this model within a broader and very general framework of the new version of the ‘Transportation and Environment Strategy Impact Simulator’ (New-TRESIS) is discussed. Tue, 01 Apr 2014 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19190 2014-04-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19212 Managing and measuring sustainability performance of supply chains Varsei, Mohsen; Soosay, Claudine; Fahimnia, Behnam; Sarkis, Joseph Sustainable development from an industrial perspective has extended beyond organisational boundaries to incorporate a supply chain approach. This paper provides a framework which can assist focal companies in development of sustainable supply chains. The literature related to sustainable supply chain evaluation is reviewed incorporating concepts from four organisational theories including the resource based, institutional, stakeholder and social network perspectives to illustrate key drivers and enablers of sustainability initiatives in the supply chain. A conceptual multidimensional framework is then developed which can serve as a tool for research scholars and supply chain practitioners in identifying and assessing various economic, environmental and social performance indicators. Sun, 01 Jun 2014 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19212 2014-06-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19188 Two new methods for solving the path‐based stochastic user equilibrium problem Zhou, Bojian; Bliemer, Michiel; Bell, Michael; He, Jie In this paper, we present two new methods for the path-based logit stochastic user equilibrium problem, and investigate their convergence properties. First, a two level partial linearization method is proposed. Second, a dual method is developed. Both of these two methods use second order approximation of the objective function. Our novel methods are compared to Damberg's partial linearization method (Damberg, 1996), which is known to be one of the best performing methods. Numerical results on the Sioux Falls and Winnipeg networks show that, if properly scaled, our new methods can significantly improve the performance of Damberg’s method. Sat, 01 Mar 2014 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19188 2014-03-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19213 Port Investments on Coastal and Marine Disasters Prevention: An Economic and Policy Investigation Xiao, Yi-bin; Fu, Xiaowen; Ng, Adolf K.Y.; Zhang, Anming Located along shorelines, seaports are highly vulnerable to coastal and marine natural disasters. Damage caused by disasters can be prevented or alleviated if sufficient investments are made in a timely manner. However, despite a wide range of investment options and well-developed engineering expertise, port investment on disaster prevention remains a challenging task involving great complexities. This paper develops an integrated economic model for the analysis of disaster-prevention investments at a “landlord” port. It simultaneously considers the uncertainty of disaster occurrence and associated return of prevention investments, the information accumulation and related investment timing, and the spillovers (externalities) of investment among stakeholders. Our analysis shows that the timing of port investments depends on the probability of disasters. Immediate investment is optimal for disasters with very high probability, while investment should be postponed if such a probability is very low. Optimal timing for cases of intermediate probability cannot be determined analytically, as it is influenced by other factors such as discount rate, information accumulation and efficiency of investments. Positive externalities between a port and its tenants lead to under-investment, which can be corrected by coordination between stakeholders. However, since there are risks of “over-investment” due to uncertainty, government intervention is only optimal with a good understanding of disaster probability distribution. Mon, 01 Sep 2014 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19213 2014-09-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19192 Recognising the irrelevance of statewise–dominated alternatives in defining the composition of a choice set Hensher, David A.; Ho, Chinh This paper is motivated by the primary idea (or curiosity) that the distribution of choice probabilities associated with a set of alternatives defining a given choice set provides strong evidence on the way that agents appear to process the description of each alternative in a stated choice experiment, conditional on other contextual influences that are agent specific. The supplementary interest is in the extent to which the established probability distribution, given the ranking of a set of alternatives, is able to be the basis of establishing whether a specific decision rule (within a utility maximising setting) offers the preferred behavioural ‘explanation’ of which alternatives really matter in choice making. Examples of interest include decision rules such as the relevance, in a rank order of alternatives, of all offered alternatives, variants of best-worst, and first best-second best. The underlying theoretical context to guide the preference ruling (or candidate alternatives under a rank order) is the Axiom of Irrelevance of Statewise Dominated Alternatives (ISDA) proposed by Quiggin (1995). In this paper we use a choice experiment on road pricing reform scenarios to illustrate a way to determine, under utility maximisation and knowledge of the full rank order of offered alternatives in a choice experiment, which set of alternatives satisfies ISDA and hence is a preferred choice set to use in estimation and application of a choice model. Thu, 01 May 2014 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19192 2014-05-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19144 Development of an online diary for longitudinal travel / activity surveys Greaves, Stephen; Ellison, Adrian B.; Ellison, Richard B.; Standen, Christopher; Rissel, Chris; Crane, Melanie Motivated by the continued search for methods to reduce participant burden and non-response, and improve the quality of travel data, this paper details the development of a new online travel/activity diary to support a major longitudinal investigation of travel in Sydney, Australia. The diary employs several innovative features designed to simplify the process of data entry, and improve participant recall and completeness of travel, including auto-fills, prompts, trip editing capabilities, favourite trips and a dragand- drop technique for capturing travel mode. An additional innovation is the ability to view a GPS-based Google map of daily travel while completing the diary to assist with recall. The diary is tested on 37 participants, with a range of diagnostics provided to assess their comprehension and interaction with the diary, reaction and burden, and completeness of data provided. Overall, 89% of participants complete all seven days of the diary with 75% indicating no issues once they become accustomed to how it works. Trip entry times average around two minutes/trip with three-quarters of trips entered within 24 hours of being made and 96% of trips provided with complete details. In terms of the GPS component, while the data itself is of variable quality and the optional viewing of trips is lower than anticipated, those carrying a GPS report more trips/day and segments/day, fewer missing days, and provide more complete trip data. Wed, 01 Jan 2014 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19144 2014-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19189 Modeling the Impacts of Alternative Emission Trading Schemes on International Shipping Wang, Kun; Fu, Xiaowen; Luo, Meifeng Various market-based measures have been proposed to reduce CO2 emissions from international shipping. One promising mechanism under consideration is the Emission Trading Scheme (ETS). This study analyzes and benchmarks the economic implications of two alternative ETS mechanisms, namely, an open ETS compared to a Maritime only ETS (METS). The analytical solutions and model calibration results allow us to quantify the impacts of alternative ETS schemes on the container shipping sector and the dry bulk shipping sector. It is found that an ETS, whether open or maritime only, will decrease shipping speed, carrier outputs and fuel consumption for both the container and dry bulk sectors, even in the presence of a “windfall” profit to shipping companies. Under an open ETS, the dry bulk sector will suffer from a higher proportional reduction in output than the container sector, and will thus sell more emission permits or purchase fewer permits. Under an METS, container carriers will buy emission permits from the dry bulk side. In addition, under an METS the degree of competition within one sector will have spill-over effects on the other sector. Specifically, when the sector that sells (buys) permits is more collusive (competitive), the equilibrium permit price will rise. This study provides a framework for identifying the moderating effects of market structure and competition between firms on emission reduction schemes, and emphasizes the importance of understanding the differential impacts of ETS schemes on individual sectors within an industry when considering alternative policies. Tue, 01 Apr 2014 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19189 2014-04-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19146 Capacity constrained stochastic static traffic assignment with residual point queues incorporating a proper node model Bliemer, Michiel C.J.; Raadsen, Mark P.H.; Smits, Erik‐Sander; Zhou, Bojian; Bell, Michael G.H. Static traffic assignment models are still widely applied for strategic transport planning purposes in spite of the fact that such models produce implausible traffic flows that exceed link capacities and predict incorrect congestion locations. There have been numerous attempts in the literature to add capacity constraints to obtain more realistic traffic flows and bottleneck locations, but so far there has not been a satisfactory model formulation. After reviewing the literature, we come to the conclusion that an important piece of the puzzle has been missing so far, namely the inclusion of a proper node model. In this paper we propose a novel path-based static traffic assignment model for finding a stochastic user equilibrium in which we include a first order node model that yields realistic turn capacities, which are then used to determine consistent traffic flows and residual point queues. The route choice part of the model is specified as a variational inequality problem, while the network loading part is formulated as a fixed point problem. Both problems are solved using existing techniques. We illustrate the model using hypothetical examples, and also demonstrate feasibility on large-scale networks. Sat, 01 Mar 2014 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19146 2014-03-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19187 Understanding the relationship between voting preferences for public transport and perceptions and preferences for bus rapid transit versus light rail Hensher, David A.; Mulley, Corinne; Rose, John M. Despite the plea for a rational debate on the role of alternative public transport modes, there is often great resistance to some options on essentially ideological and emotional grounds. The aim of this paper is to understand the key perceived barriers that mitigate against support for BRT in the presence of LRT options, and the way in which these differ between users and non users of public transport. We develop best-worst preference experiments, one associated with design characteristics, and the other with service descriptions associated with BRT and LRT, and an experiment that focuses on voting preferences. The main focus of this paper is establishing a mapping between the voting preference evidence and the relative support for bus (BRT) and LRT. A survey of residents of six capital cities in Australia provides the empirical context. Sat, 01 Mar 2014 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19187 2014-03-01T00:00:00Z