http://ses.library.usyd.edu.au:80 The Sydney eScholarship digital repository system captures, stores, indexes, preserves, and distributes digital research material. 2013-05-25T00:23:13Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1632 Title: Sothic star theory of the Egyptian calendar : a critical evaluation Authors: Mackey, Damien Francis Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 1993-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1941 Title: Long term follow-up of the cognitive-behavioural, pain management programme, ADAPT Authors: Beeston, Lee Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 2001-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1940 Title: Diglossia in literary translation : theory and practice Authors: Salah, Reem Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 2006-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1187 Title: Learning in a botanic garden : the excursion experiences of school students and their teachers Authors: Stewart, Katherine Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 2003-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1185 Title: Development of a large diameter ring shear apparatus and its use Authors: Kelly, Richard Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 2001-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1173 Title: Development of a large diameter ring shear apparatus and its use Authors: Kelly, Richard Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 2001-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1174 Title: ways of the bushwalker : bushwalking in Australia, 1788 Authors: Harper, Melissa Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 2002-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2233 Title: Financial reporting for segments of business enterprises. Authors: G��odall, Richard Leslie. Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 1977-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2228 Title: Comparative morphology and karyology of the Australian members of the family agamidae and their phylogenetic implications Authors: Witten, Geoffrey James Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 1982-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2231 Title: Contextualising Martin Berteau : new perspectives on his works for cello Authors: Lewis, Eleanor May Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 2002-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2229 Title: Labor government in New South Wales, 1941 to 1965 : a study in longevity in government Authors: Clune, David Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 1990-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2232 Title: Parsifal and homosexuality : a study of the reception of Parsifal as a homoerotic text Authors: Gibson, Robert R Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 1997-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2230 Title: Impact of alternative grazing methods on soil quality for Central Tablelands grazing systems Authors: Southorn, Neil Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 2006-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9109 Title: The creative process in Don Banks' early chamber music : a sketch study of Three studies for cello and piano and Three episodes for flute and piano Authors: Hartstein, Marcus Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 2000-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9108 Title: Aspects of third stream works : an analytical study of compositions by Gunther Schuller, Don Banks and Bozidar Kos Authors: Plattner, Markus Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 2001-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9107 Title: Inferences from observations to simple statistical hypotheses Authors: Grossman, Jason Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 2005-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9106 Title: How the factoid of wind turbines causing “vibroacoustic disease” came to be “irrefutably demonstrated”. Authors: Chapman, Simon; St.George, Alexis Abstract: Objective In recent years, claims have proliferated in cyberspace that wind turbines cause a large variety of symptoms and diseases. One of these, “vibroacoustic disease” (VAD) is frequently mentioned. Seventeen reviews of the evidence for wind turbines causing harm have concluded the evidence to be poor yet regulatory authorities are now referencing health concerns as part of the rationale for set-back guidelines from residences, greatly reducing siting opportunities. The aim of this study is to examine the quality of the evidence on how VAD came to be associated with wind turbine exposure by wind farm opponents. Methods Searches of the web (Google advanced) and major research databases for papers on VAD and wind turbines. Self-citation analysis of research papers on VAD. Results Google returned 24,700 hits for VAD and wind turbines. Thirty five research papers on VAD were found, none reporting any association between VAD and wind turbines. Of the 35 papers, 34 had a first author from a single Portuguese research group. Seventy four per cent of citations to these papers were self-citations by the group. Median self-citation rates in science are around 7%. Two unpublished case reports presented at conferences were found asserting that VAD was “irrefutably demonstrated” to be caused by wind turbines. The quality of these reports was abject. Conclusions VAD has received virtually no scientific recognition beyond the group who coined and promoted the concept. There is no evidence of even rudimentary quality that vibroacoustic disease is associated with or caused by wind turbines. Implications The claim that wind turbines cause VAD is a factoid that has gone “viral” in cyberspace and may be contributing to nocebo effects among those living near turbines. Description: Pre-print of paper titled - A disease in search of a cause: a study of self-citation and press release pronouncement in the factoid of wind farms causing “vibroacoustic disease”. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/8362 2013-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9105 Title: Wobbly Hub News. Issue 1 2011-03-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9104 Title: The Participation of Aboriginal People with Disability in Disability Services in NSW, Australia Authors: Gilroy, John Abstract: This thesis identified the factors that influence the participation of Aboriginal people in the New South Wales Government Department of Ageing, Disability and Home Care (DADHC) funded disability services, as described from the experiences of non-government disability service providers and paid disability service workers in New South Wales, Australia. Although it is known that the rates of morbidity are much higher among Aboriginal people compared with the non-Aboriginal population, the participation rates of Aboriginal people in disability services are under-representative. Various authors have examined these phenomena from the view point of Aboriginal people who may be interested in using disability services. However, there is limited understanding on the views of non-government and Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal workers of disability services about the factors that influence the participation of Aboriginal people in disability services. This study aimed to help fill this knowledge gap by achieving the following three research objectives: 1. Identify how and when the participation of Aboriginal people in disability services was identified in documented policy. 2. Identify and describe the factors that influence the participation of Aboriginal people in disability services as perceived by Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal employees in two NSW Government Department of Ageing, Disability and Home Care funded disability services. 3. Develop an Explanatory Framework that adequately encapsulates and represents the factors identified in this study as influencing the participation of Aboriginal people in disability services. One Aboriginal community controlled organisation and a generic disability organisation were the sites for investigation. Objective one was achieved through a critical historical analysis of policy documents developed by the governments, one Aboriginal community controlled organisation and one generic disability organisation. A rigorous electronic and manual search of publications spanning three decades from 1981 was undertaken. This analysis demonstrated that the disability services sector’s strategies to accommodate the needs of Aboriginal people with a disability have made a limited impact on the service participation rates and have been hampered by Eurocentric models of disability and research. A conceptual framework is proposed to assist disability researchers and policy analysts working with Aboriginal people with a disability. The conceptual framework brings together the strengths of both the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health and the Indigenous Standpoint Theory. The second objective was achieved via a situational analysis of transcripts of interviews, focus groups and field notes that were conducted with Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal paid employees of the same government funded organisations. Twelve factors that influenced the participation of Aboriginal people in disability services were identified from the data. Consistent with objective three, an Explanatory Framework was developed which illustrated the relationships between these factors. This framework demonstrated that the factors that influence the participation of Aboriginal people in disability services are inter-dependent historically, culturally and institutionally. The identified factors and explanatory framework are used to guide recommendations for future research, policy development and service provision in the sector. Description: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) 2012-12-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9102 Title: Walking to Work in Sydney: Analysis of Journey-to-work Census Data from 2001 and 2011 Authors: Zander, Alexis; Rissel, Chris; Rogers, Kris; Bauman, Adrian Abstract: Walking is the most popular physical activity in Australia, and it is safe and suitable for a broad range of people. Walking to work is one way to incorporate physical activity into the daily routine, and is therefore likely to be both regular and sustained. These analyses examine the levels of walking to work in Sydney between the 2001, 2006 and 2011 Census. Data on the journey to work were purchased from the Australian Bureau of Statistics. Local Government Areas (LGAs) in the Sydney area were coded as inner Sydney if they were within 10 kilometres of Central Station in Sydney, outer Sydney for the remaining Sydney LGAs and the rest as the Greater Metropolitan Region including the LGAs of Newcastle and Wollongong. 2013-05-21T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9101 Title: Cycling to Work in Sydney: Analysis of Journey-To-Work Census Data from 2001 and 2011. Authors: Zander, Alexis; Rissel, Chris; Bauman, Adrian Abstract: Increasing the number of commuters who use bicycles to get to work is an essential element of sustainable transport systems in the world’s most livable cities. These analyses examine whether there have been changes in levels of cycling in Sydney between the 2001, 2006 and 2011 Census, and extends an earlier analysis of data from the 1996 Census. Data on the journey to work were purchased from the Australian Bureau of Statistics. Use of a bicycle on any part of the journey to work was coded as ‘bicycle used’. Local Government Areas (LGAs) in the Sydney area were coded as inner Sydney if they were within 10 kilometers of Central Station in Sydney, outer Sydney for the remaining Sydney LGAs and the rest as the Greater Metropolitan Region including the LGAs of Newcastle and Wollongong. 2013-05-21T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9100 Title: The Story of the NSW Get Healthy Information and Coaching Service®: An effective population Health Service with Public Health Impact and Reach Authors: O'Hara, Blythe; Phongsavan, Philayrath; Banovic, D; Bauman, Adrian Abstract: In February 2009, the Ministry of Health launched the NSW Get Healthy Information and Coaching Service® (GHS; www.gethealthynsw.com.au), as part of New South Wales’ response to the Australian Better Health Initiative. The GHS is a telephonebased service supporting NSW adults make sustained improvements in healthy eating, physical activity and achieving or maintaining a healthy weight. 2013-05-21T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9099 Title: OECD: Inequality rising faster than ever Authors: Babones, Salvatore 2013-05-19T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9098 Title: Altered Thyroid Hormone Regulation and Behavioural Change in a Sub-population of Rats following Injury Authors: Kilburn-Watt, Elisabeth Abstract: Overview Of This Thesis. This thesis documents an investigation of thyroid hormones and the regulation of thyroid hormones in an animal model of neuropathic pain. The technique used in this model, Chronic Constriction Injury (CCI), produces an injury that creates an inescapable mechanical and inflammatory stress for the rat. Various forms of stress, and in particular unavoidable stress, have been shown to alter thyroid hormones in both rats and humans. This rat model has been developed to more closely resemble the neuropathic pain state in humans where a proportion of patients develop a syndrome of social and behavioural changes, which has been termed ‘disability’. As well as demonstrable sensory dysfunction, as a result of the nerve injury, a sub-population of the rats exhibit altered patterns of complex social behaviours. The results of three experiments are presented. In each case a cohort of rats was subjected to the same procedure – Chronic Constriction Injury – and changes in social behaviour measured using a Resident-Intruder test. Rats were assigned to one of three groups based on the results of the behavioural test: No Disability (ND), Transient Disability (TD) or Persistent Disability (PD). In experiment 1, documented in Chapter 4, peripheral thyroid and corticosteroid hormones were measured pre and post-CCI together with Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) levels. Results for the three different behavioural groups were compared. In experiment 2, documented in Chapter 5, RNA was extracted from the hypothalamuses of rats sacrificed six days post CCI. Relative gene expression was determined for a number of factors involved in thyroid hormone and corticosteroid regulation. In experiment 3, documented in Chapter 6, at the end of the experimental period, seven days post-CCI, the rats were perfused to remove blood and the brains preserved in paraformaldehyde. The hypothalamuses were examined using immunohistochemical techniques for evidence of differing protein expression for molecules involved in thyroid hormone regulation. Summary of Findings. Behavioural Testing (Chapter 3): The results of behavioural testing for the experimental groups of animals used in this study conform to those previously found using this model (Monassi et al., 2003). Based on previously derived criteria 70% were classified as ‘No Disability’ (ND); 10% of the rats and were classified as ‘Transient Disability’ (TD) and 20% of rats were classified as ‘Permanent Disability’ (PD) animals. Rats classified as PD have significantly decreased levels of Dominance behaviour on days 1-3 and 4-6 post-CCI when compared to ND rats whereas TD rats have decreased Dominance behaviour on days 1-3 only. Pre-CCI behaviour is not predictive of post-CCI behavioural change. Peripheral Thyroid Hormones (Chapter 4): When compared to pre-injury levels, the mean total thyroxine (TT4), total triiodothyronine (TT3) and free thyroxine (fT4) levels were significantly decreased in the PD rats whereas the post-injury levels of these hormones did not change in the ND and TD rats. There was no difference between groups in mean free triiodothyronine (fT3) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels pre and post-injury. The pattern of secretion of hormones differed in the ND and PD rats over the six days post-injury. In the ND rats, there was a surge in TSH post-injury and thyroid hormone levels were maintained at pre-injury levels. However, in the PD group, the TSH response was delayed, blunted and inadequate as thyroid hormone levels decreased. There was a significant correlation between decreased Dominance behaviour and both TT4 and fT4 but no correlation with TT3 or fT3. Peripheral Corticosteroids (Chapter 4): There was an increase in corticosterone in all animals post-CCI. The Transient Disability rats showed the greatest increase in corticosteroid and this was significantly different to the other two groups of rats. There was no difference in post-CCI corticosterone levels between the PD and ND rats. Hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid (HPT Axis) regulation (Chapters 5 & 6): RT-qPCR measurement of relative mRNA expression in the hypothalamus showed that there was no difference between No Disability, Transient Disability and two groups of control rats (Behavioural Controls (BC) and naïve group caged controls) for Thyrotrophin Releasing Hormone (TRH), Thyroid Hormone Receptor β (TR β), Deiodinase 2 (Dio2) and Deiodinase 3 (Dio3). Compared to the BC rats, the Permanent Disability rats had significantly decreased relative expression of TRH and Deiodinase 2 and significantly increased expression of Deiodinase 3 mRNA. Immunohistochemical techniques used to label TRH, TR β, Deiodinase2 and Deiodinase 3 protein distribution in the Paraventricular Nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus showed significantly fewer immunoreactive profiles for Deiodinase 3 and TRβ in the group with changed behaviour (PD group) compared to the Behavioural Control rats. These differences were shown to be specific for the sections of the PVN where the hypophysiotrophic TRH secreting neurons are known to be primarily located. Hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA axis) regulation (Chapter 5): RT-qPCR measurement of relative mRNA expression in the hypothalamus showed that there was no difference between ND, TD, PD and Behavioural Controls rats for Corticotrophin Releasing Hormone (CRH), Glucocorticoid Receptor (GR) and Vasopressin. Compared to the Behavioural Controls, group caged Control animals had significantly increased relative expression of CRH and Vasopressin mRNA. Description: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) 2012-03-29T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9097 Title: Building Solutions to Protect Children from Unhealthy Food and Drink Sport Sponsorship. Authors: Kelly, Bridget; Chapman, Kathy; Baur, Louise; Bauman, Adrian; King, Lesley; Smith, Ben Abstract: In Australia, and indeed across the world, the proportion of children who are overweight or obese is increasing. Almost one-quarter of school-aged children are now overweight or obese. While the causes of obesity are complex and many, children’s exposure to high levels of unhealthy food marketing is one factor that affects the food and drinks that children like, ask for, buy and consume. Extensive research evidence has found that, in general, children are exposed to high levels of food marketing, most of which is for unhealthy or high fat, sugar and/or salt food and drinks. The most commonly advertised foods have been found to be sugar-sweetened breakfast cereals, savoury snacks, fast food restaurants, onfectionery and soft drinks. 2013-05-21T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9096 Title: Mid-water Localisation for Autonomous Underwater Vehicles Authors: Medagoda, Lashika Janith Bandara Abstract: Survey-class Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) rely on Doppler Velocity Logs (DVL) for precise localisation and navigation near the seafloor. In cases where the seafloor depth is greater than the DVL bottom-lock range, localising between the surface, where GPS is available, and the seafloor presents a localisation problem since both GPS and DVL are unavailable in the mid-water column. Reliance on acoustic tracking methods such as Ultra Short Base Line (USBL) requires a ship to track the vehicle, while Long Base Line (LBL) requires the setting up of an acoustic transponder network. These methods provide bounded error position localisation (~10m) of the underwater vehicle, but inhibits the flexibility and autonomy of the vehicle due to tending or set-up requirements. Proposed alternatives to these include combining GPS on the surface, navigation-grade IMU, the DVL water-track mode and a vehicle model to reduce the dead-reckoning error, although results show that this error is still not competitive with acoustic tracking methods after approximately 10 minutes of descent. Often ocean depth requires hours of descent without GPS or DVL, thus acoustic tracking methods are preferred. This work proposes a solution to localisation in the mid-water column that exploits the fact that current profile layers of water columns are stable over short periods of time (in the scale of minutes). As demonstrated in simulation, using observations of these currents with the ADCP (Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler) mode of the DVL during descent, along with sensor fusion of other low cost sensors, position error growth can be constrained to near the initial velocity uncertainty of the vehicle at the sea surface during a vertical dive. Following DVL bottom-lock, the entire velocity history is constrained to an error similar to the DVL velocity uncertainty. When coupled with a tactical-grade IMU and Time Differenced Carrier Phase (TDCP) GPS measurements, approximately 15 m/hr (2 sigma) position error growth is possible prior to DVL bottom-lock, and 6.5 m/hr (2 sigma) position error growth is possible following DVL bottom-lock. The method is demonstrated using real data from the Sirius AUV coupled with on-bottom view-based SLAM (Simultaneous Localisation and Mapping), without the use of an IMU. Horizontal localisation in the mid-water zone is also explored using an extension to the water-layer framework. The layered water currents are extended to include horizontal gridding, while the ADCP sensor is remodelled to use beam coordinates to exploit horizontal observation. The water current vector field is modelled as correlated spatially through neighbourhood least-squared constraints. Simulations illustrate the performance possible with this method, and results from real data validate this approach. In order to minimize the dead-reckoning error during mid-water zone transits, a novel method to incorporate Inertial Measurements and the constraints of a drag-based vehicle model is outlined. The drag-based Vehicle model uses the water current velocity estimates from the ADCP aiding method, while also accounting for the error from the Vehicle parameters given a prior system identification. Due to the redundant observations of motion from the IMU and DVL when available, there is potential for further improvement in estimates of the Vehicle parameters. Simulations are undertaken to assess the advantage of incorporating a vehicle model, and application on real data from the Sirius AUV validates this method. Description: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) 2012-03-30T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9095 Title: Weight and weight related behaviours among NSW students from low SES and non-English speaking backgrounds: Secondary analysis of the NSW Schools Physical Activity and Nutrition Survey 2010 Authors: Hardy, Louise; King, Lesley Abstract: The 2010 SPANS survey showed that the prevalence of overweight and obesity among NSW school students has not increased since 2004, stabilizing at 22.8%. The findings reported in the SPANS Full Report also indicate that many children engage in a range of adverse weight related behaviours and that the prevalence of weight-related behaviours varied according to socioeconomic status (SES) and cultural background. The findings may have implications for policy regarding interventions among school aged children and the design of interventions for different sociodemographic groups. The purpose of the report is to undertake more detailed data analyses regarding socioeconomic and cultural variations in students’ health behaviours, in order to inform the NSW Ministry of Health, Local Health Districts (LHD) and other government and non-government stakeholders. 2013-05-20T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9094 Title: Weight and weight related behaviours among NSW Kindergarten children Authors: Hardy, Louise; King, Lesley Abstract: The findings from the 2010 NSW Schools Physical Activity and Nutrition Survey (SPANS) show that the prevalence of combined overweight and obesity among Kindergarten children has significantly increased at a rate of 0.17% per annum between 2004 and 2010, from 17.7% to 18.7%, respectively. The rate of increase in combined overweight and obesity has been stronger among boys compared with girls (0.25% pa vs 0.10% pa, respectively). With one-in-five NSW children entering school overweight or obese there is a need for preventive interventions during early childhood and preschool years. The purpose of the report is to inform the NSW Ministry of Health on the weight status and associated behaviours of children in their first year of school. 2013-05-20T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9093 Title: SPANS 2010: NSW Schools Physical Activity and Nutrition Survey: Executive Summary.  Authors: Hardy, Louise Abstract: The findings from the 2010 NSW Schools Physical Activity and Nutrition Survey (SPANS) show that the prevalence of combined overweight and obesity among Kindergarten children has significantly increased at a rate of 0.17% per annum between 2004 and 2010, from 17.7% to 18.7%, respectively. The rate of increase in combined overweight and obesity has been stronger among boys compared with girls (0.25% pa vs 0.10% pa, respectively). With one-in-five NSW children entering school overweight or obese there is a need for preventive interventions during early childhood and preschool years. The purpose of the report is to inform the NSW Ministry of Health on the weight status and associated behaviours of children in their first year of school. 2013-05-20T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9092 Title: NSW Schools Physical Activity and Nutrition Survey (SPANS) 2010: Short Report.  Authors: Hardy, Louise; King, Lesley; Espinel, Paola; Cosgrove, Carmen; Bauman, Adrian Abstract: This short report comprises a summary of the full report. The NSW Schools Physical Activity and Nutrition Survey (SPANS) is conducted periodically by the NSW Ministry of Health to monitor weight and weight related behaviours of NSW school-aged children. SPANS surveys have been conducted in 1985, 1997, 2004 and 2010. Over this 25 year period, the survey has produced internationally significant evidence on childhood overweight and obesity and its determinants, which has proven useful to policy makers with a focus on population health. 2013-05-20T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9091 Title: NSW Schools Physical Activity and Nutrition Survey (SPANS) 2010: Full Report. Authors: Hardy, Louise; King, Lesley; Espinel, Paola; Cosgrove, Carmen; Bauman, Adrian Abstract: NSW Schools Physical Activity and Nutrition Survey 2010 is the fourth in a series of monitoring surveys that have been conducted in NSW. The survey provides a comprehensive overview of weight and weight-related behaviours of school children in the state. The NSW Schools Physical Activity and Nutrition Survey (SPANS) 2010 is the fourth in a series of school-based surveys of NSW school students which provides valuable trend information on weight status and associated behaviours of the NSW school-age population. The survey has been designed to update information provided by the 1985 Australian Health and Fitness survey (NSW cases) and previous NSW surveys of school children conducted in 1997 and 2004, and report on the trajectory of the prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity and on key modifiable weight-related behaviours. 2013-05-20T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9090 Title: Inequality and growth Authors: Babones, Salvatore 2013-05-19T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9089 Title: Efficiency Analysis and Experimental Study of Cooperative Behaviour of Shrimp Farmers Facing Wastewater Pollution in the Mekong River Delta Authors: Nguyen, Tuan Kiet Abstract: Shrimp farming is important to the Vietnamese economy in terms of national income, job creation and poverty alleviation. However, shrimp farming is generally technically inefficient and probably generates too much pollution. To encourage the sustainable development of the Vietnamese shrimp industry, there is a need to improve the productivity of shrimp farms and at the same time to reduce the wastewater pollution generated by shrimp farming. The thesis has two aims: (1) to estimate the efficiency of shrimp farms in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam, with a particular focus on the productivity effects of pollution, and (2) to use experimental economics to investigate policies that could be used to mitigate the wastewater pollution impacting shrimp farms. Overall farmers are found to be inefficient, suggesting farmers are using more inputs than necessary to produce a given output level. Surprisingly, the average extensive (i.e., less capital-intensive) farm is found to be more efficient than the average intensive and semi- intensive (i.e., more capital-intensive) farms. Furthermore, downstream farms are found to be less efficient than upstream farms, suggesting that wastewater pollution influences shrimp farming productivity and results in a negative externality. Evidence from lab-based experiments suggests that the incentives provided by a monitoring and certification agency are not sufficient to promote the full cooperation of shrimp farmers to solve the wastewater pollution problem. However, full cooperation was achieved by providing farmers with an opportunity to communicate. In both cases, self-governance of shrimp farmers was found to be highly effective. The results suggest that community-based management is worthy of further investigation as a possible solution to sustainable development of the shrimp industry in Vietnam. "What we have ignored is what citizens can do and the importance of real involvement of the people involved – versus just having somebody in Washington ... make a rule." Elinor Ostrom (1933-2012) Description: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) 2013-05-20T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9088 Title: Strathallan, near Braidwood, New South Wales : an historical investigation Authors: Altenburg, Kirsty Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 1988-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9087 Title: Journey into the microcosms : a functional analysis of certain classes of prehistoric Australian stone tools Authors: Kamminga, Johan. Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 1978-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9086 Title: Consumption of fruit and vegetables by children in Australia and NSW: Results from National Surveys in 1995 and 2007. Monitoring Update. Authors: Rangan, Anna; Hector, Debra Abstract: Fruit and vegetables provide multiple health benefits in children and adults, including a likely role in the prevention of excess weight gain. As such, the promotion of fruit and vegetables is included as a core component of policies and programs to promote healthy eating and reduce obesity. In order to ascertain the effectiveness of promotional efforts, it is important to measure and report on levels of consumption of fruit and vegetables over time. This brief report provides detailed information on the levels of consumption of fruit and vegetables among children aged 2‐16 years, in Australia and in NSW. Data are derived from the two most recent national dietary surveys, the 1995 National Nutrition Survey (1995 NNS) and the 2007 Australian National Children Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey (2007 Survey). The national surveys use detailed 24‐hour recall methods, enabling amounts of fruit and vegetables consumed as well as numbers of serves consumed to be reported. 2013-05-20T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9085 Title: Update of the evidence base to support the review of the NSW Health Breastfeeding Policy (PD2006_012): A rapid appraisal.  Authors: Hector, Debra; Hebden, Lana; Innes-Hughes, Christine; King, Lesley Abstract: This report provides the findings from a rapid review and appraisal of the evidence base to support a review of the NSW Health Breastfeeding Policy Breastfeeding in NSW: Protection, Promotion and Support (PD2006_012, NSW Department of Health 2006). This Policy is currently being updated, particularly in consideration of the Australian National Breastfeeding Strategy 2010-2015 and the associated, forthcoming Implementation Plan. The development of the NSW Breastfeeding Policy in 2006 was strongly supported by the systematic evidence base that had accumulated at that time. This review therefore includes evidence since the previous evidence summaries, i.e. since 2005. Specifically, it appraises the evidence around the health benefits of breastfeeding, it identifies those sub-groups of the population that are most at risk of poorer breastfeeding practices (not breastfeeding at all, short duration of breastfeeding, low intensity (exclusivity) of breastfeeding), and it examines the evidence, particularly from systematic reviews, of the effectiveness of interventions to promote, encourage and support breastfeeding. 2013-05-17T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9084 Title: Reducing the risk of chronic disease in older adults: A summary report to support obesity prevention planning in NSW.  Authors: Hector, Debra; Espinel, Paola; King, Lesley Abstract: This document is a summary of the information contained within a full report detailing the research evidence on the rationale, determinants and effective intervention approaches to reduce the prevalence of obesity and chronic disease among community-dwelling older adults, aged 55-74 years. It is designed specifically to contribute to the planning of programs and interventions for obesity and chronic disease prevention in NSW, Australia. 2013-05-17T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9083 Title: A further analysis of the weight status and dietary characteristics of people reporting food insecurity in NSW: NSW Population Health Survey data 2007 and 2008. Authors: Innes-Hughes, Christine; Thrift, Aaron; Cosgrove, Carmen Abstract: Food security refers to the ability to acquire appropriate and nutritious food on a regular and reliable basis. The NSW Population Health Survey uses a single item indicator of individual and household level food insecurity which measures financial access to food by asking the question “In the last 12 months, were there any times that you ran out of food and couldn’t afford to buy more?” The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between food insecurity and dietary habits in the NSW population, using data from the 2007 and 2008 NSW Population Health Surveys. Dietary habits of interest comprised the frequency of consumption of energy dense nutrient poor (EDNP) foods and drinks, as well as intake of fruit and vegetables. This study explores self reported data from the 2007 and 2008 New South Wales Population Health Surveys. Six dietary intake variables were included for this analysis based on their relevance to chronic disease and weight gain: vegetable intake, fruit intake, soft drink, hot chip, salty snacks and takeaway food consumption. Responses on these variables were dichotomised into ‘healthier’/’unhealthier’ categories. 2013-05-17T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9082 Title: Food Security: The What, How, Why and Where to of Food Security in NSW. Discussion Paper Authors: Innes-Hughes, Christine; Bowers, K; King, Lesley; Chapman, Kathy; Eden, Barbara Abstract: This Discussion Paper considers food security in the context of food supply and access systems, and articulates how it links with food consumption patterns, weight and risk of chronic disease, in order to provide direction for research, policy and programs. The paper provides an overview of what is meant by the term ‘food security’, a summary of studies describing patterns of food insecurity in Australia, and strategies for promoting food security, with examples of programs. This synthesis also discusses the implications for research and programs in NSW. Importantly, it also seeks to clarify where there are or might be both common and divergent approaches to addressing food security and obesity and chronic disease prevention. Whilst there are known global and national influences on food security, this document mainly focuses on community, household and individual level food security. 2013-05-16T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9078 Title: An Examination of the Demographic Characteristics and Dietary Intake of People Who Meet the Physical Activity Guidelines: NSW Population Health Survey Data 2007 Authors: Espinel, Paola; Khambalia, Amina; Cosgrove, Carmen; Thrift, Aaron Abstract: The purpose of this report is to examine the association between physical activity and dietary intake using self reported data from the 2007 NSW Population Health Survey. This report first investigates whether being physically active is associated with healthy dietary behaviours, and then describes the sociodemographic profile of physically active people who do not engage in healthy eating behaviours. Overall, results showed that older people, especially men, tend to do less physical activity compared to younger people, and that obese women were less likely to meet physical activity guidelines compared to healthy weight women. Those who reported a higher intake of fruits and vegetables and/or a lower consumption of soft drinks were more likely to meet the physical activity guidelines. Findings also indicate that among those meeting the physical activity guidelines, men were more likely to report a lower intake of vegetables and a higher consumption of soft drinks and takeaway foods compared to women. Among active people, young people were at a higher risk of unhealthy eating than older age groups. This study strongly supports the hypothesis that physical activity and dietary habits are correlated behaviours, which is consistent with other research findings. The gender and age differences in the association of these health behaviours suggest the value of targeting specific population groups for future interventions. 2013-05-15T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9077 Title: Apparent Consumption of Selected Foods and Household Food Expenditure. Authors: Espinel, Paola; Innes-Hughes, Christine Abstract: This report aims to describe trends in the apparent consumption of key core and non-core foods, food prices and household expenditure to understand population level dietary patterns. Findings indicate that Australians have made substantial changes in their diet in the past four decades. The observed trends in increasing apparent consumption of sugar in manufactured foods, and increased expenditure on takeaway food and snacks, are consistent with the increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity amongst Australian adults and children. Statistics on supply and demand of selected foods can provide an indication of consumer and industry trends, and contribute to a comprehensive system for monitoring population weight status. 2013-05-15T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9076 Title: A Longitudinal Study on the Linkage between Public Transport Demand and Land Use Characteristics: A Pseudo Panel Approach Authors: Tsai, Chi-Hong Abstract: This study applies a pseudo panel approach to analyse public transport demand in the Sydney Greater Metropolitan Area (SGMA). A public transport demand model is constructed to incorporate two factors that have been highlighted in the literature of travel behaviour but still under-researched, which are: (i) the temporal effect of demand adjustment; and (ii) the land use characteristics of the built environment. The research gaps in previous applied pseudo panel data research including estimation techniques and issues involved with the applications to public transport are identified and addressed in this study. The pseudo panel approach allows for the identification of long-term demand changes using repeated cross-sectional data, which are collected at an individual level with detailed travel-related information and geographical information. This study constructs static and dynamic pseudo panel data models to analyse public transport demand in terms of its associations with price, socio-economic factors,level of public transport service, and land use factors. The research findings identify the significant determinants of public transport demand in the SGMA, with a distinction between short-run and long-run demand elasticities. This suggests a timeframe of 2.13 years is required to reach the long-run demand equilibrium. The estimated demand elasticities are used to forecast demand for the SGMA with validated results supporting the applicability of the public transport model based on the pseudo panel data. The main contribution of this thesis is the identification of long-run public transport demand elasticities using a pseudo panel dataset created from existing repeated cross-sectional household travel survey data which uses more individual information than aggregate data. This approach enables a longitudinal analysis in the absence of genuine panel data, and this in turn provides important implications for urban public transport planning and policy formulation. Description: Doctor of Philosophy(PhD) 2013-05-15T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9075 Title: ‘Green’ and ‘Amber’ Foods: Analysing the Nutritional Content of Food and Beverage Products Registered with Healthy Kids Association. Authors: Innes-Hughes, Christine; Hebden, Lana Abstract: The Healthy Kids Association (HKA) is a NSW-based not-for profit, non-government, health promotion organisation offering a product registration scheme to support NSW schools in identifying and selecting healthier foods and beverages to sell from their school canteen.  This report describes the key nutritional characteristics of food and beverage products registered with the HKA (formerly the New South Wales School Canteen Association). Nutrient content data were obtained from the product nutrition information panels for each product, within popular product subcategories, registered as of October 2009. The level of key nutrients (including saturated fat, sugar, calcium and fibre) was identified and analysed in relation to the nutrient criteria threshold levels for green and amber products specified by the HKA. The results indicated that for most product subcategories, the nutrient content of products clustered just below the nutrient criteria thresholds for total energy, saturated fat, sodium and sugar, while the nutrient content for the positive nutrients (calcium and fibre) frequently clustered just above the thresholds. In addition, small package sizes were found to be common among products classified as amber. The distribution of key nutrients around the criteria thresholds suggests that products are formulated with reference to these thresholds, although manufacturers may also achieved the nutrient thresholds through smaller portion sizes. The potential of nutrient thresholds as levers to influence the nutritional profile of foods needs further research and industry dialogue. 2013-05-13T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9074 Title: Comparability of Dietary Measures Among NSW Children and Adolescents. Authors: Hebden, Lana Abstract: The measurement of lifestyle behaviours among child and adolescent populations is challenging. Over the past two decades, there have been at least six population-based surveys that have measured lifestyle and anthropometric factors among 13 population-based samples of children and adolescents in New South Wales (NSW). While these surveys have used different instruments and modes of administration, all have to some extent collected data on the same types of indicators (or variables) for assessing dietary intake and food related behaviours. This report collates estimates of the different dietary indicators used in population-based surveys conducted with young people in NSW between 1995 and 2010, and compares these estimates according to age group, survey methods, the different population survey questions, by age group and respondent (child versus parent). The results provide valuable information to guide the interpretation of population dietary surveillance data, and future decisions around population nutrition monitoring, in NSW. 2013-05-13T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9073 Title: Evidence Module: Workplace Physical Activity and Nutrition Interventions. Authors: Chau, Josephine Abstract:  This evidence module synthesizes the findings and recommendations from multiple systematic reviews and reports to provide a summary of what works in workplace health promotion programs to physical activity, healthy diet or both, and prevent overweight and obesity. 2013-05-13T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9072 Title: Promoting Health and Nutrition Through Sport: Attitudes of the Junior Sporting Community Authors: Kelly B, Bridget; Baur, Louise; Bauman, Adrian; King, Lesley; Chapman, Kathy; Smith, Ben Abstract: Introduction: This study aimed to provide information on parents’, children’s and sporting officials’ attitudes to sponsorship arrangements, and their support of potential policy interventions to reorient sponsorship to be more health promoting. Methods: Sports clubs (n=20) known to have food and beverage sponsors in Sydney, Illawarra and Canberra/Queanbeyan were selected. Parents and children at sports clubs were recruited through convenience sampling by approaching those attending the sports club at the time of the survey and those children who had a signed consent form. Sports clubs were visited between May and November 2010. At each club, one sports club official, ten parents of players aged 5 to 14 years, and five children aged 10 to 14 years were surveyed. Results: The majority of sporting officials and parents were supportive of policies to restrict unhealthy food and beverage sponsorship of elite sport and children’s sports clubs. More than two-thirds of all children were able to correctly recall sponsors of their sports club and almost half could correctly name at least one sponsor of their favourite elite sports team. Most children thought that food and beverage companies sponsored sport to help out sports clubs and liked to return the favour to these sponsors by buying their products. Conclusion: Children’s high level of recall of food and beverage sponsors is concerning as this recall is likely to be linked to children’s product preferences and consumption behaviours. Alternative funding mechanisms are required to replace community and elite sport sponsorship from unhealthy food and beverage companies to reduce the promotional effects of this marketing on children’s food choices and eating behaviours. 2013-05-13T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9071 Title: Competing for contracts with buyer uncertainty: Choosing price and quality variables Authors: Anderson, Edward; Qian, Cheng Abstract: We model a situation in which a single firm evaluates competing suppliers and selects just one. Suppliers submit bids involving both price and quality variables. The buyer makes a choice which from the supplier's perspective appears to contain a stochastic element - for example the buyer may have information, which is not shared with the suppliers, and that gives one supplier an advantage in the final choice. We use a discrete choice model of buyer choice (e.g. multinomial logit). Our main result is that the supplier's choice of the quality variables is not affected by the competitive environment. Thus the suppliers compete only on price. We compare this with a second model in which the buyer's weighting on different quality variables is uncertain at the time bids are made. 2013-05-09T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9070 Title: Harbouring Discontent: World Heritage, the Great Barrier Reef and the Gladstone Port Development Authors: Davey, Madeline Nell Abstract: The Great Barrier Reef (GBR) is facing unprecedented pressures from a range of inputs– one of the most prominent being industrial coastal development. Of these developments, none has more current significance than the Gladstone Port Development (GPD) in Gladstone Harbour at the southern end of the GBR in Queensland, Australia. The Port expansion includes the extension of an existing coal terminal, reclamation and development of new land and three gas processing plants on Curtis Island, plus associated dredging works. These developments are causing controversy globally because they are occurring within the GBR World Heritage Area (WHA). Gladstone Harbour was included within the original World Heritage Listing (WHL) as it met the criteria attributed to the entire GBR – natural environmental assets of Outstanding Universal Value (OUV); including turtles, dugongs, mangroves, seagrasses and coral. These environmental attributes are under serious threat with the GPD, causing a clash between development and conservation in Gladstone Harbour. Moreover, the WH listing for the entire GBR is at risk because of the rapid development of the export industry along the GBR coast. These developments have been allowed because they are occurring in the small percent of the WHA that is not managed by the Federal GBR Marine Park Authority (GBRMPA); rather jurisdiction of these coastal waters falls to the Queensland government. The GBR has long been regarded as epitomising ―best-practice‖ management standards for MPA because of management by the GBRMPA. However, the management ‗best-practice‘ title is now under threat. In this study discrepancies in boundaries and management practices between the GBRWHA and the GBR Marine Protected Area (MPA), come to the fore through the perspectives of high-user stakeholders - the fishers and conservationists/researchers of the region. The stakeholders provide localised insights into the OUV together with views about current management approaches. These perceptions were gathered throughout July 2012 using semi-structured interviews in Gladstone. Using these insights this study explores the way in which multiple interests collide – drawing out and questioning the role of state and federal government in regulating the space. Arguably, the management of the GPD should match the values embedded in the area‘s WH designation, granted in 1981. The extent to which this has happened is explored in this study. This study finds that the WHL of Gladstone Harbour remains significant for local user groups. While there are calls to redraw the GBRWHA it is critical to further understand how locals value the area and the WH listing before maps are re-drawn. The incorporation of stakeholder perceptions into environmental governance for marine habitats is essential to achieve better environmental and social outcomes. In this context, this study embraces a political ecology paradigm which provides a conceptual framework for an explanation of the GPD. Such an approach enables an explanation of the forces at work in the GPD - which allows environmental, political and economic factors to be intertwined into explanations and analysis. This overarching conceptual approach illustrates how multiple interests interact in a way which limits the efficacy of the existing environment governance framework 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9069 Title: Magazine approach during a signal for food depends on Pavlovian, not instrumental, conditioning Authors: Harris, Justin; Andrew, Benjamin; Kwok, Dorothy Abstract: In the conditioned magazine approach paradigm, rats are exposed to a contingent relationship between a conditioned stimulus (CS) and the delivery of food (the unconditioned stimulus, US). As the rats learn the CS-US association, they make frequent anticipatory head entries into the food magazine (the conditioned response, CR) during the CS. Conventionally, this is considered to be a Pavlovian paradigm because food is contingent on the CS and not on the performance of CRs during the CS. However, because magazine entries during the CS are reliably followed by food, the increase in frequency of those responses may involve adventitious (“superstitious”) instrumental conditioning. The existing evidence, from experiments using an omission schedule to eliminate the possibility of instrumental conditioning (Farwell & Ayres, 1979; Holland, 1979), is ambiguous: rats acquire magazine CRs despite the omission schedule, demonstrating that the response does not depend on instrumental conditioning, but the response rate is greatly depressed compared with that of rats trained on a yoked schedule, consistent with a contribution from instrumental conditioning under normal (non-omission) schedules. Here we describe experiments in which rats were trained on feature-positive or feature-negative type discriminations between trials that were reinforced on an omission schedule versus trials reinforced on a yoked schedule. The experiments show that the difference in responding between omission and yoked schedules is due to suppression of responding under the omission schedule rather than an elevation of responding under the yoked schedule. We conclude that magazine responses during the CS are largely or entirely Pavlovian CRs. 2013-04-01T00:00:00Z