http://hdl.handle.net/2123/93 Search the Channel search http://ses.library.usyd.edu.au/simple-search http://hdl.handle.net/2123/274 Title: Emphatic Repetition in Spoken Arabic<br/><br/>Authors: Rieschild, Verna Robertson<br/><br/>Abstract: This paper identifies and explains Arabic emphatic repetition in ethnographic interviewsagainst the general backdrop of an understanding of non-pragmatically motivatedrepetition in Spoken Arabic. It also considers the basic linguistic resources for expressingintensity in the lexicon and syntax and the significance of repetition as one of theseresources. The latter part of the paper explains how these resources are drawn on ininteraction and what other types of spontaneous immediate emphatic repetition occur. Thisapproach allows for a nuanced interpretation of the salience of emphatic repetition in thisspoken Arabic genre. The discussion contributes to our general understanding of theessence of repetition that allows it to be used as a productive interactive resource. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/138 Title: Challenges and Prospect of Maintaining Rongga: an Ethnographic Report<br/><br/>Authors: Arka, I Wayan<br/><br/>Abstract: Changes in the ‘ecology of languages’ after the independence of Indonesia have resultedin changes in the social, cultural and economic settings. These changes in turn haveaffected the well-being of indigenous languages and cultures right across the Indonesianarchipelago. This has particularly been the case in the last thirty years under the harshcampaign of Indonesianisation through the rhetoric of pembangunan (development) in theNew Order era of Soeharto’s regime. Smaller indigenous languages such as Rongga, aminority language on the island of Flores, are particularly vulnerable. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/113 Title: The Case of the Object in Early Estonian and Finnish Texts<br/><br/>Authors: Lees, Aet<br/><br/>Abstract: The case of the object in Balto-Finnic languages alternates between accusative and partitive. In modern Finnish the accusative case is used more frequently than in Estonian. The present study looks at the usage in older texts, using a section of Bible translations in southern Estonian (1686), northern Estonian (1739) and Finnish (1642) as well as additional material in Estonian. In old Finnish the proportion of partitive objects was similar to modern Finnish, except for personal pronouns, which were predominantly partitive. The modern accusative case forms of the personal pronouns were introduced into the standard language in the 19th century. In southern Estonian the majority of objects were in the partitive case. In northern Estonian plural objects were often accusative (the plural accusative being homonymous with the nominative) and singular objects partitive. In many instances the opposite case has been used in a revised version of this translation, prepared in 1938. Possible reasons for the differences in development will be considered. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/114 Title: Second Position Clitic Phenomena in North-Central Australia: Some Pragmatic Considerations<br/><br/>Authors: Mushin, Ilana<br/><br/>Abstract: Second position phenomena in North-central Australia: some pragmatic considerations.This paper presents a cross-linguistic investigation of the discourse-pragmatics of second position clitic attachment in seven languages of North-central Australia. The presence of (obligatory) pronominal enclitics constitutes an areal feature of Central-Northern Australian languages, from Western Australia to the Queensland Border. In some languages enclitics are described as primarily attaching to verbs (eg. Western Desert), others to the first ‘constituent’ (eg. Warlpiri). In many of these languages, pronominal clitics combine with tense, aspect and/or mood markers to form ‘clitic complexes’ (or ‘auxiliaries’), which may in turn have fixed clausal positions (eg. Warlpiri, Wambaya). Most investigations of clitic complexes have focussed on their formal properties, especially the range of phenomena that may function as clitic hosts, and the implications of different patterns of clitic attachment for syntactic description (eg. Simpson & Withgott 1986, McConvell 1980, 1996, Laughren 2002). While much of this work acknowledges that pragmatics plays a role in what motivates patterns of clitic attachment, these studies tend to go no further than to assign a label ‘focus’ to that which attracts the clitic complex. Here I explore what is meant by ‘focus’ by closely examining and comparing pragmatic relationships between the clitic complex and its host in the discourse of a number of languages. Such cross-linguistic work not only provides evidence for the pragmatic sensitivities of clitic complexes synchonically, but it also provides evidence for variations in their grammaticalisation status in individual languages.