https://hdl.handle.net/2123/5928 2026-06-09T07:51:45Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/34864 Climate Migrants and the Origins of Swahili Society in Eastern Africa Dumitru, Ioana A.; Alders, Wolfgang; Kristiansen, Søren M.; Lupien, Rachel; Raja, Rubina; Sindbæk, Søren M.; Olsen, Jesper Climate extremes are often framed as triggers of societal crisis and collapse, yet human mobility frequently emerges as a resilient response. We show that climatic disruption destabilized inland farming systems in sixth-century CE eastern Africa, with compounding stress during the Late Antique Little Ice Age (LALIA). Using archaeological evidence, paleoclimate reconstructions, environmental models, and bioclimate simulations, we examine how these overlapping stressors reshaped settlement dynamics. Multi-proxy paleoclimate records document sixth-century CE hydroclimatic heterogeneity, with droughts and wetter intervals occurring asynchronously across the region. These conditions generated uneven ecological pressures, disproportionately affecting rainfed agricultural systems associated with inland Early Iron Age communities linked to the spread of Bantu-speaking farmers. By the late sixth to early seventh centuries CE, archaeological evidence indicates that some of these groups established the first sustained settlements along the eastern African coast, despite low suitability for rainfed cereal cultivation and exposure to climatic and environmental hazards unfamiliar to inland settings. This shift reflects the activation of long-standing mobility patterns within eastern African lifeways, expressed here as a more durable reconfiguration: permanent settlement in environmentally challenging coastal zones supported by subsistence diversification and access to marine resources. These developments laid the foundations for proto-Swahili communities and one of the Indian Ocean’s most enduring maritime traditions, demonstrating how climatic stress can catalyze social innovation. 2026-02-18T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/30230 After the Revolution: A Review of 3D Modelling as a Tool for Stone Artefact Analysis Wyatt-Spratt, Simon With over 200 peer-reviewed papers published over the last 20 years, 3D modelling is no longer a gimmick but an established and increasingly common analytical tool for stone artefact analysis. Laser and structured light scanning, photogrammetry, and CT scanning have all been used to model stone artefacts. These have been combined with a variety of different analytical approaches, from geometric morphometrics to custom reduction indices to digital elevation maps. 3D lithic analyses are increasingly global in scope and studies aim to address an ever-broadening breadth of research topics ranging from testing the functional efficiency of artefacts to assessing the cognitive capabilities of hominid populations. While the impact of the computational revolution on lithic analysis has been reviewed, the impact of 3D modelling on lithic analysis has yet to be comprehensively assessed. This paper presents a review of how 3D modelling in particular has impacted the field of stone artefact analysis. It combines a quantitative bibliometric analysis with a qualitative review to assess just how “revolutionary” 3D modelling has been for lithic analysis. It explores trends in the use of 3D modelling in stone artefact analysis, its impact on the wider lithic analysis field, and methodological, regional and theoretical gaps which future research projects could explore. 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/28423 Instagram as a tool for archaeological science communication Caspari, Gino With the accelerated growth the social media platform Instagram has seen over the course of the Covid-19 pandemic its potential as a tool for communicating archaeological science is becoming ever more apparent. The platforms' focus on images and video makes it specifically suited for visually rich fields like archaeology. Here we present the results of a three-year effort in archaeological science communication on the platform, analyzing audiences, impacts, and issues arising. The amount of archaeological content on the platform is growing rapidly, but reaching a broad audience effectively needs to be tied to well-defined communication strategies. We argue that Instagram can be turned into a powerful educational tool for public archaeology, including providing guidance for new students, mitigating pervasive conspiracy theories, elucidating the issues with collecting and trading artifacts, and adding nuance to the public image of archaeology. 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/26575 Palaeogenomic analysis of black rat (Rattus rattus) reveals multiple European introductions associated with human economic history Yu, He; Jamieson, Alexandra; Hulme-Beaman, Ardern; Conroy, Chris J.; Knight, Becky; Speller, Camilla; Al-Jarah, Hiba; Eager, Heidi; Trinks, Alexandra; Adikari, Gamini; Baron, Henriette; Böhlendorf-Arslan, Beate; Bohingamuwa, Wijerathne; Crowther, Alison; Cucchi, Thomas; Esser, Kinie; Fleisher, Jeffrey; Gidney, Louisa; Gladilina, Elena; Gol’din, Pavel; Goodman, Steven M.; Hamilton-Dyer, Sheila; Helm, Richard; Hillman, Chris; Kallala, Nabil; Kivikero, Hanna; Kovács, Zsófia E.; Kunst, Günther Karl; Kyselý, René; Linderholm, Anna; Maraoui-Telmini, Bouthéina; Morales-Muñiz, Arturo; Nabais, Mariana; O'Connor, Terry; Oueslati, Tarek; Morales, Eréndira M. Quintana; Pasda, Kerstin; Perera, Jude; Perera, Nimal; Radbauer, Silvia; Ramon, Joan; Rannamäe, Eve; Grego, Joan Sanmartí; Treasure, Edward; Valenzuela-Lamas, Silvia; van der Jagt, Inge; Van Neer, Wim; Vigne, Jean-Denis; Walker, Thomas; Wynne-Jones, Stephanie; Zeiler, Jørn; Dobney, Keith; Boivin, Nicole; Searle, Jeremy B.; Krause-Kyora, Ben; Krause, Johannes; Larson, Greger; Orton, David Abstract The distribution of the black rat ( Rattus rattus ) has been heavily influenced by its association with humans. The dispersal history of this non-native commensal rodent across Europe, however, remains poorly understood, and different introductions may have occurred during the Roman and medieval periods. Here, in order to reconstruct the population history of European black rats, we generated a de novo genome assembly of the black rat, 67 ancient black rat mitogenomes and 36 ancient nuclear genomes from sites spanning the 1 st -17 th centuries CE in Europe and North Africa. Analyses of mitochondrial DNA confirm that black rats were introduced into the Mediterranean and Europe from Southwest Asia. Genomic analyses of the ancient rats reveal a population turnover in temperate Europe between the 6 th and 10 th centuries CE, coincident with an archaeologically attested decline in the black rat population. The near disappearance and re-emergence of black rats in Europe may have been the result of the breakdown of the Roman Empire, the First Plague Pandemic, and/or post-Roman climatic cooling. 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/24068 New evidence for the transcontinental spread of early faience Wang, Yingzhu; Rehren, Thilo; Tan, Yuchen; Cong, Dexin; Jia, Peter Weiming; Henderson, Julian; Ma, Hongjiao; Betts, Alison; Chen, Kunlong This paper presents compositional results for six faience beads from Adunqiaolu, an Early Bronze Age site in western Xinjiang, China. It is shown that all analysed samples were made of mixed-alkali flux with sodium oxide 8–10% and potassium oxide 5–9%. The microstructure of samples indicates that cementation glazing was used. The analytical results, together with the typology of the faience beads were then compared with data of Bronze Age faience beads found in Europe and East Asia. There are clear similarities in both typological and technological features. As the earliest faience objects discovered in China so far, the Adunqiaolu beads set an essential starting point for the further discussion on the early exchange network evidenced by faience products and long distance transmission of technologies and knowledge. This observation is of significance for deepening our understanding of prehistoric exchange between West and East across the Eurasian continent by providing another element in addition to metallurgy, cereal crops and herding animals. 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/23287 Colour and Identity in Ancient Greece Kowalski, Charlotte Jade This thesis explores the possible conventional use of colour for the representation of identity in ancient Greece from the sixth to the fourth centuries BC. The question is considered for broad identities based on gender, age, and mortal or mythological status, as well as more specific identities comprising figure types and representations of individuals. Colour is recorded for the physical characteristics and dress of the human form as it is represented in stone sculpture, terracotta figurines, and white-ground lekythoi. While previous studies have focused on analysing traces of colour through visual observation, studying ancient literature, or conducting programmes of scientific analysis, there has been less focus on the significance of colour in ancient Greece. One aspect that has received little attention is the role colour played in the representation and expression of identity. Therefore a need to perform a comparative systematic analysis across different categories of material evidence was identified. Data was collected from both publications and online sources and resulted in a corpus of material comprising 407 objects. The presence of patterns in the data was established through criteria based searches. The proportions of colours present for both physical characteristics and dress were analysed separately before the impact of identity was considered. These emerging patterns of colour selection are then examined with reference to comparative archaeological material and textual evidence for a greater understanding of the historical and social context in which these colours were employed in ancient Greece. No universal conventions for the application of colour based on the identities of the figures being represented were identified, but some trends suggest that colour choice was at least sometimes driven by considerations related to the projection of a specific identity. For instance, non-naturalistic colours were sometimes used for the physical characteristics of adult male mythological figures. It was also generally observed that the use of colour does not reinforce the projection of identity through dress type but instead cuts across dress boundaries. Comparative evidence from textual sources also suggests that colour may have functioned semiotically in ancient Greece. 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/21585 Persians in Attic Ceramic Catalogue Miller, Margaret The Catalogue, of 128 items, was prepared as part of my book project entitled Representing Persians in Attic Arts. Many of the items have been known and studied for their historical interest since the early 19th century. This Catalogue includes an accurate full bibliography including a number of obscure publications; the catalogue for my monograph lists the bare minimum of publications. I propose to make my Catalogue with full bibliography available on line in the expectation that it will assist researchers. 2019-12-19T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/19760 The Jarash City Walls Project: Excavations 2001 – 2003: Final Report Kehrberg-Ostrasz, Ina; Manley, John This final report is a straight forward account of the excavation findings per season and the summation of the research results directly related to the finds. This report, therefore, does not provide updated scholarly discussions on Gerasa’s and the later Jerash city walls and urbanisation which were not the aim of the project. Discussions subsequent to our published findings can be found in related current publications by authors cited in this bibliography. 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/18908 Rocky shores, mud, and mangroves: An assessment of economic intensification at the Yindayin rockshelter, Stanley Island Wright, Martin Economic intensification is a prominent concept in hunter-gatherer literature, being used to explain increasing hunter-gatherer complexity and the transition to domestication and permanent settlement. This study used invertebrate material from the Yindayin rockshelter to evaluate whether population driven economic intensification was present during the Holocene. Environmental and climate data was also assessed to evaluate its impact on the observed subsistence patterns. An explanatory model describing the occupation at Yindayin was produced that incorporated the results of the economic intensification assessment, the environmental and climatic data, and data from Beaton’s original analysis of Princess Charlotte Bay.This study did not find a unidirectional increase in occupation during the Holocene. Instead, the results demonstrated that subsistence and occupation patterns at the site were complex and non-linear with periods of increased intensity interspersed with periods of stability and abandonment. Environmental and climate change had the most visible effect on subsistence behaviours while the potential for population induced economic intensification was only identified within the last 200 years of occupation. The results emphasised that interactions between population, environment, and climate are complex, and that to presume there are singular explanations for variation in coastal occupation and subsistence is to deny this complexity. The study demonstrate how economic intensification can be deduced from archaeological correlates and how population driven effects may be separated from environmental effects under certain circumstances. Finally, this study demonstrated how valuable invertebrate assemblages can be for understanding the responses of coastal foragers to environmental and population driven resource pressure. 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/18801 POMPEIAN HOUSEHOLDS: IMPLICATIONS OF COSMETICS Marks, Beatrice This thesis collects the published material evidence surrounding the personal use of cosmetics and perfumes in Pompeii, and contains a typology of Roman unguentaria. The findings and analysis will be fundamentally archaeological, but will be supported by the ancient literary and secondary published works on archaeometry, especially chromatography. The main theory behind this research is that cosmetics may indicate certain room functions by gender and class, and could provide insight into the gendered use of space within Roman households. 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/18785 ATHENIANS. Surviving the Catastrophe: the peoples' response to the invasion, and the threat of becoming stateless (apolis) in the case of the Persian Wars Nestor, Nicola The Director of the Athenian Agora Excavations (1946-1967), Homer A. Thompson, said the following regarding the Persian-led destruction of Athens: "people's reaction to disasters is more indicative of a nation's character than their response to triumphs". The catastrophe of Athens by the Persian Empire in 480 and 479 B.C.E. appears to have been a deliberate attempt to cut the Athenians' connection to their ancestral homeland Attica, a landscape topographically diverse and self-sufficient that bounded ancestral memory, physical culture (nature and architecture), and civic organisation with its large, but scattered population. Evidence to permanently displace the Athenians is discovered in the historical and archaeological records through the destruction of the Agora and Akropolis. In religious and civic centre of the Agora, buildings and cultural materials (ceramic-wares) were destroyed and dumped into Athens' water-wells, a scheme which appears aimed to prevent any salvage operation by a returning population. On the sacred citadel of the Akropolis, votive offerings such as the beautiful Akropolis korai, statues that captured the realism of Archaic period Athenian mothers and daughters, were targeted and brutally mutilated beyond repair. The manner of their 'execution' was traumatic enough that the people buried these 'daughters' around the sanctuary and their presence disappeared. By abandoning their country twice within 12 months to the invading forces of the Great King, the Athenians became a stateless people, bereft of their city (apolis). The situation in Athens was one of many encountered by Greek poleis during one of the ancient world's most turbulent epochs when Herodotus and Thucydides describe metoikesis (migration) and apolis (becoming stateless) as a frequent occurrence. How did the Athenians recover from the Persian invasions and achieve what should be considered the unthinkable? In history, the Athenian abandonment, devastation and subsequent recovery of their polis, is arguably one of the greatest feats of endurance by a settled population. However, the extent of destruction, cultural repair and economic recovery has not been adequately analysed. 'Athenians' is an introductory study of a catastrophic invasion and a people's response, survival and repair of their polis and identity. The study reinvestigates the Kleisthenic reforms to identify Demokratia as a system which integrated Attica's key strengths; topography, resources, together with its people to defend, withdraw and recover economically time and again from formidable opponents and devastating defeats. 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/18758 A Critical Analysis of Gendered Approaches to Funerary, Settlement and Public Space Archaeology in the Classical World Walker, Meggan Ruth This thesis is a critical analysis of the methods and application of gendered research in classical archaeology, with specific focus on funerary, settlement and public space archaeology. This study concentrates on the archaeological work conducted at three selected case study sites across the Mediterranean. For the funerary archaeology case study, the Pantanello Necropolis was selected, for settlement archaeology, Olynthus and for public space archaeology, the Athenian Acropolis. Through the analysis of research conducted at these sites, I intend to compare archaeological approaches to gender in classical archaeology to the rest of the discipline, with the aim of providing commentary on the past, present and future state of gendered analysis in the discipline. Gender theories began to be applied to archaeological studies on a wider scale in the 1980s, with the work of primarily Scandinavian and North American scholars. This thesis considers how gendered analysis has come into archaeology, specifically that of the classical world, and how notions of gender have changed and been changed by archaeological research. While this thesis positions itself as a critical analysis, it is intended to be a critique in the most productive sense of the word, emphasising good practices and methodologies for future elaboration and use. 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/18061 Temples, Tombs and Trees: Towards A Reconstruction of the Neolithic Temples of Malta Robinson, Madeline The Neolithic “temples” of Malta from the 7th – 5th millennia BP have been objects of curiosity for European scholarship since the 18th century. What has pre-occupied architects and been discussed by archaeologists is the structural design and the kinds of materials used to make the roofs of these huge, freestanding structures. The roofing of the apses and crossways has been lost over the four and a half thousand years since the end of the Temple Period c. 4,500 BP. The absence of any remains of roofing has led to the establishment of two primary sets of proposals – massive limestone roofs (the ‘Italian theory) or superficial timber roofs (the ‘British theory). Previous architectural reconstructions have been based on technical assumptions and not on the archaeology. The primary research aim of this thesis is to design a reconstruction that is based on archaeological evidence about the nature of the roofs, is architecturally stable and uses materials demonstrably available on a sufficient scale during the Neolithic period. While limestone is abundant on Malta, previous models of timber roofing have presumed superficial structures. Palynological analyses have shown however, that the vegetation of Malta from 7,200 BP onwards included suitable arboreal taxa such as Pinus halepensis and Quercus ilex that could have been used for temple roofing construction on a large scale. With this established, two temple designs are tested – one entirely composed of limestone, the other being a new composite design using substantial timber and limestone in the form of torba. The reconstruction is modelled from two elaborately carved burial chambers in the limestone of the hypogeum at Hal Saflieni. The carvings display a box entrance structure, two niches surrounding a portal, a large base slab and two or three stepped v beams above. These carvings are taken to be representative of the architecture of the interior doorways of the temples LiDAR models of the hypogeum chambers have been modelled onto 3D photogrammetry derived models of the remaining stone structures of the Mnajdra and Tarxien temple complexes to identify a possible format for the roof design. Though both the limestone and timber reconstructions are structurally feasible, archaeological evidence is lacking for the size and shape of the limestone slabs required by the hypogeum configuration. From a structurally feasible roof reconstruction that is consistent with the archaeology, further inferences can be made about the temples and their relationship to their environment, including how the structures were maintained and kept watertight; the structural modifications of the temples; their relationship to the ecology of Malta and whether cultural isolation did intensify towards the end of the “temple” culture, c. 4,500 BP. 2018-03-29T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/17970 Deathly Depictions and Descriptions: Understanding Attic Representations of the Deceased in the Afterlife in Text and Image during the 6th and 5th Centuries BC Georgiades, Rebecca This thesis is an interdisciplinary study of Attic conceptions of the deceased in the afterlife. It thereby aims to identify and explain how the deceased were represented in a specifically selected corpus of textual and iconographic material originating from the Archaic and Classical periods. This body of evidence includes descriptions of the deceased in the afterlife in Homeric epic poetry and 5th century Athenian drama, as well as representations of the deceased in Attic vase-paintings from the 6th and 5th centuries BC. Additionally, this thesis has identified changes in the deceased’s representation between the Archaic and Classical periods. This study has focused on four prominent manifestations of the deceased in the afterlife; the psuche, eidôlon, miniature winged figures and human conscious figures. The psuche and the eidôlon are the two most frequent forms of representing the deceased in the afterlife in the textual evidence examined within this thesis. Iconographic analysis was conducted on the material evidence concerned within the thesis. Analysis revealed that the deceased in the afterlife could be portrayed as a miniature winged figure and as a conscious human figure. These forms of the deceased are present in Homer-inspired imagery as well as scenes of the prothesis, grave-visits and transitions to the afterlife. These figures feature on black-figure, red-figure and white-ground vessels. Previous scholarship has most often unified the four representations of the deceased, insisting on a correlation between miniature winged figures in art and either the psuche or eidôlon. This thesis does not attempt to unify the varying representations of the deceased and instead considers the evidence from a new perspective, focusing on the shared features across the various representations. In particular, this thesis found three significant features commonly present amongst the analysed material, namely; the deceased’s ability to fly, to interact with the living and representation of the deceased’s somber attitude. This specific research topic is highly relevant to the wider research conducted on ancient Greek conceptions of death and the afterlife. Studying the representation of death has also illuminated the challenges faced by artists, and how these were overcome, in the representation of an intangible and abstract concept in a palpable form. 2018-03-08T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/17951 Human Life in Early Bronze Age I Jericho: A Study of the Fragmented Human Skeletal Remains from Tomb A61 Gaston, Amanda This Honours research thesis takes an in-depth look at the human skeletal remains from an Early Bronze Age I Jericho tomb, excavated by Kathleen Kenyon in the 1950’s. Tomb A61 contains highly fragmented and commingled human bones, and has remained unstudied until this year. A sample of the tomb has been analysed in order to study the demographics and health of the occupants. In doing so, it is not only the intention to create a picture of human life in Jericho at this time, but also tie the human skeletal remains back into the archaeology of Jericho, and the Southern Levant. The Southern Levant in the Early Bronze Age I is a region undergoing socioeconomic transition. The non-urban Chalcolithic period makes way for the fortified and walled settlements of the Early Bronze Age II. The impact of this transition on the populations of the Early Bronze Age I is so far understood from the archaeology of the architecture and artefacts from settlements and corresponding funerary structures. Yet there is little study of the human remains themselves, and the stories they can tell about the populations of the Early Bronze Age Southern Levant. This lack of study is just a branch of a greater problem, however, which is the little uniformity across the study of human remains on an international level. Issues include varying global approaches to ancient human remains in the 19th and 20th Centuries, as well as the compromised state of fragmented and commingled human remains. This osteoarchaeological study of a tomb from Jericho, which is representative of the Early Bronze Age I Southern Levant, aims to contribute to these discussions and debates, whilst providing further published data for human skeletal remains for future research. 2018-03-07T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/17950 Stable Isotope Analysis in Roman Archaeology: Studies of Diet and Migration Sammut, Sammuel Stable isotope analysis has been implemented as a tool for archaeologists to investigate the past. Its use in Roman archaeology has primarily been in the examination of diet and migration, and this thesis’ aim is to examine how isotopic analysis has been applied to these research areas. Furthermore, it endeavours to investigate how the results of isotopic analysis compare with other forms of evidence for these areas of Roman life. To do so, the literary and archaeological evidence for Roman diet is considered before then being compared with the results of several isotopic analyses that have been conducted on sites across the Roman world. In the same way, evidence used to study migration is then evaluated against further isotopic studies conducted on other Roman sites. The comparisons between the established evidence and the results of isotopic analyses highlight various parallels and contradictions in interpretations of Roman diet and migration. This thesis demonstrates that the ability to support or contradict these other sources of information is isotopic analysis’ principal contribution to Roman archaeology. However, it also establishes that it is necessary for isotopic analyses to integrate archaeological and literary evidence to achieve the most comprehensive interpretations of the past. Suggestions for how isotopic analysis can reach its full potential are also discussed. 2018-03-07T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/17958 Narrating Past and Present: Archaeological Sites, Heritage and a Sense of Place in Ireland Staats, Rebecca Studies of place and landscape abound in the anthropological literature. This thesis aims at synthesising archaeological and anthropological approaches to explore how archaeological sites contribute to a sense of place and national identity in the Republic of Ireland. I take a multi-sited approach to discuss three archaeological places: the Hill of Tara, a prehistoric earthwork in County Meath, the Rock of Cashel, a Medieval ecclesiastical site in Country Tipperary, and Dublin city as a commemorative place for the centenary of the 1916 Easter Rising. These sites provide a way to examine how archaeological places support intangible ideas of place that are also mediated through a phenomenological experience of tangible sites. In focusing on the way that narratives are woven into and of place, I examine how meta-narratives of the Irish nation are experienced, contested and integrated through archaeological places. In this thesis I contend that the temporal and material qualities of archaeological sites are core features that define the narratives told of place, and that narrative and place are mutually constitutive, each structuring the experience of the other. 2018-03-08T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/17954 Feeding the Confined: A Faunal Analysis of Hyde Park Barracks Connor, Kimberley This thesis presents the results of faunal analysis and historical research in order to understand the diet of the women who lived in the Immigration Depot (1848–1886) and the Destitute Asylum (1862–1886) at Hyde Park Barracks in Sydney, NSW. The faunal analysis included the examination of 5,436 specimens from the main building and trenches in the area of the kitchen. It focuses on three main areas: the variety of taxa in the assemblages, the distribution of taxa across the site, and the relative lack of Bos taurus bones. While many of the results supported the documentary record, such as the predominance of mutton consumed on the site, areas of dissonance are resolved through careful consideration of the two sources. This combination of archaeozoological and documentary evidence to argue that the diet was sufficient for sustaining life, but monotonous and poorly adapted to the needs of the women in the Destitute Asylum who lived there for long periods. This was not the result of a policy decision to punish or control the inmates, as may have been the case in other institutional settings, but rather the use of dietaries based on those designed for sailors and convicts. Institutions today continue to struggle with the same questions that were at the for in the 19th century – how can we feed people as cheaply as possible? Should the diet be part of the punishment or reform effort? Do people have a right to a basic quantity and quality of food? What role does nutrition play in the dietary? As well as adding to the growing literature on institutional diets and the archaeology of institutions in Australia, this study suggests that there are parallels between historical and modern institutional diets. The results show that a lack of official planning can damaging, even when punishment is not intended. 2018-03-08T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/17957 The Eyes Have It: An In-Depth Study of the Tell Brak Eye Idols in the 4th Millennium BCE: with a primary focus on function and meaning Cooper, Arabella Age has often been mistaken as an indication of simplicity in design, style and artistic technique in artefacts, but this is not the case when applied to the Eye-Idols from Tell Brak. Eye-Idols were first discovered by Professor M.E.L Mallowan during the 1937 and 1938 spring excavations of Tell Brak in north Syria. The Eye-Idols have been dated to the Early to Middle Northern Uruk period. They were found mainly in the Grey Eye-Temple Complex, which gained its name from these unique artefacts found in large numbers within. They appear to have been offerings deposited in a procedure of ritual discard, but the true meaning, function and cultic value of these unusual artefacts remains elusive and undetermined. In his original 1947 Excavation Report, Mallowan describes the discovery of thousands of Eye-Idols in an assortment of sizes and designs, but today the location of only a small number is known. Only on the most superficial level is the artefact type an example of a simple or basic design; instead they are purposely abstract and simple in their stylised representation of what is a possible human form. There is extensive archaeological evidence across northern and southern Mesopotamia from the Late Chalcolithic and into the Uruk period showing that artisans had the artistic and technical ability to construct and reproduce accurate and detailed examples of the human figure and face, but in the case of the Eye-Idols, the choice of simplicity is clearly deliberate. This study undertakes a more thorough analysis of the artefact type through the utilisation of scholarly texts, museum collections, recent excavations in Northern Mesopotamia and a hands-on study of the Nicholson Museum’s Collection of Eye-Idols. This has been done to better understand the value, meaning and importance of these small, apparently unassuming, but nevertheless complex artefacts, and the insights they reveal about those who created and used them. 2018-03-08T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/17959 Hunter-gatherer economies along the Newcastle coastline: An analysis of a shell midden site from the Late Holocene Birubi, New South Wales Sheppard Brennand, Megan Until relatively recently, shell middens have been overlooked as culturally rich sites that can inform archaeologists on many aspects of the past. In depth analyses of all features of a site are needed in order to gain an understanding of the people who created them. Analyses that examine both the ecological and economic aspects of sites through the use of quantitative data have been promoted via detailed research of coastal shell deposits in South Africa and California. Although the application of this type of approach has not been as widespread in southeast Australia, the foundational work on which to build more detailed coastal archaeological research and midden analysis comes from Attenbrow (Attenbrow 1993, 1995, 2010a, 2010c, 2011) and Sullivan (Sullivan 1982, 1984, 1987).This thesis, through a holistic and methodical approach, seeks to provide a material based analysis of hunter-gatherer interactions with the environment along the NSW coastline during the late Holocene. The case study of the Birubi shell midden is located near Port Stephens in NSW and was systematically excavated and recorded by Prof. Len Dyall (then of the University of Newcastle) in the 1970s. The results from the quantitative analysis undertaken in this thesis demonstrate that the hunter-gatherers of Birubi sustained a diverse coastal economy. This thesis aims to provide a dataset, following the framework of Sullivan and Attenbrow, which can be used alongside other similar studies in order to build up a more comprehensive understanding of subsistence economies along the NSW coastline in the Holocene. 2018-03-08T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/17945 Ethnicity in Archaeology: A case for Khirbet Kerak Ware in the Southern Levant Zaid, Sareeta Archaeological studies of ethnicity and identity have gained increasing momentum in the late 20th and early 21st centuries. This thesis is a critical examination of differing approaches to the interpretation of material culture in the detection of sociocultural identities. Theorisation in this field has often occurred in lieu of developing practical frameworks of analysis that are applicable to the material record. The lack of clarity arising from recurrent use of subjective concepts such as „ethnic identity‟ and „archaeological subject‟ without adequately defining these terms further hinders such studies. Instead, transparency and holism are paramount in considering archaeological identities due to the influential nature of the contexts in which the researcher and research subject are situated. This approach is particularly pertinent in the study of Khirbet Kerak Ware, a handmade and highly burnished red/ black ceramic occurring in a core morphological range in the Early Bronze III Southern Levant. Khirbet Kerak Ware differs in typology, decoration and manufacturing technique from other Southern Levantine pottery and does not demonstrate ceramic development in this region, indicating its foreign nature. Accordingly, trade, diffusion and migration have been proposed as possible mechanisms for the dissemination of Khirbet Kerak Ware. In particular, strong parallels have been noted between Khirbet Kerak Ware and the Kura-Araxes cultural complex of Anatolia and the Transcaucasus. This thesis provides insight into the Khirbet Kerak Ware phenomenon by investigating its origins and role within Southern Levantine society in a situational approach that aims to overcome many of the shortcomings of previous studies into archaeological ethnicity. 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/17014 Mutable spaces and unseen places: A study of access, communication and spatial control in households at Early Iron Age (EIA) Zagora on Andros Mann, Kristen Patricia This paper explores household spatiality using excavated household data from the Early Iron Age settlement of Zagora on Andros, in Greece. The site has extensive household remains, undisturbed by subsequent occupation, with clear evidence of an intensification of spatial arrangements during the final phase of occupation. As such, the Zagora material is well-suited to nuanced investigations of space and human behaviour. The principles of convex spatial analysis (access analysis) are employed as a first step in examining spatial arrangements and control in the context of human behaviour. Emphasis is placed on the value of access analysis as a visual (rather than quantitative) tool for exploring the use and perception of space from partially preserved household remains. This research queries how identified patterns of access and communication might have shaped the experience and social perception of household space. It examines the degree of control over sight, movement and the level of interaction between household inhabitants and the larger community. It then considers how other spatial attributes such as access to natural light, and the configuration of floor areas, hearths and other built features can help us further explore the functional and social implications of spatial arrangements. This analysis allows for the patterns, characteristics and attributes of different spatial systems to be readily and visually assessed. Most importantly, the approach is provisional not prescriptive, and does not prioritise one spatial interpretation over others 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/14707 By the Sad and Mournful Sea: Mortuary Memorialisation in the Quarantine Context Janson, Sarah The concept and processes of quarantine are shaped by changing medical theory and ideology concerning the causes, spread and methods for curtailing infectious disease. North Head Quarantine Station in Manly, New South Wales is one of the oldest quarantine facilities in Australia, operating from the 1830s until 1984 and its associated Third Cemetery is the material manifestation of one of the possible outcomes from the processes of quarantine; the occurrence of death. This thesis is therefore concerned with exploring whether the specific circumstances and liminal nature of the quarantine experience affects patterns of mortuary memorialisation and commemoration at this site. A recording of 68 grave markers at the Third Cemetery and 68 grave markers at Manly Cemetery has been undertaken. Spatial, temporal, material and inscription content analysis have been applied to the recorded data in order to compare and contrast patterns in memorialisation. Further juxtaposition between historical attitudes and practices concerning death and dying has been explored. The results have been considered in light of a theoretical body whereby it has been argued the quarantine experience displays elements of the liminal period in a rite de passage (van Gennep 1960, Turner 1987). This model entails a tripartite structure of a subject’s separation from mainstream society, an in-between or liminal stage whilst in quarantine and reincorporation; into society. By comparing the two sites in light of this framework, the data show similarity in material fabric and style but clear difference in spatial patterns of memorialisation as well as variation in language, the temporal use of the sites and size and complexity of monuments. A dissonance with the historical accounts of death and dying in Australia in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries was revealed. The unique circumstances and ideologies of quarantine and the liminal nature of its processes therefore have had an effect on the types and patterns of memorialisation and commemoration at these sites, both constraining and liberating memorialising activity at the unique Third Cemetery site. Consequently, this research has implications for analysis of cemeteries in other liminal institutional contexts such as hospitals, sanatoria and asylums. 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/14027 Stone, Sources and Social Networks: Tracing Movement and Exchange Across Dharawal Country, Southeastern Australia Stokes, Karen Elizabeth Historical evidence suggests that at the time of European settlement in the NSW Illawarra region, Dharawal groups, who came together for ceremonies, had an established regional network with movement of people, and items, via pathways linking the highlands west of the Illawarra escarpment and the coastal plain. The degree to which the established network described in European accounts reflects pre-colonial patterns or activity affected by early colonial settlement is unclear, however. This thesis examines this topic by comparing archaeological and historical evidence. Ground edged hatchets, and raw material for their manufacture, are known to have moved within Aboriginal social networks and several sites in the Dharawal region have been identified as likely sources of stone for hatchets and other tools. Non-destructive archaeological provenancing of 148 ground edged hatchets from coastal plain and inland findspots in and adjacent to the Dharawal study area provides an opportunity to characterise pre-colonial patterns of raw material use, and movement of artefacts from source to find-spot. Matches to sources within Dharawal country, as well as beyond the region, trace the local and inter-regional social network within which these artefacts and/or raw materials moved. This provenancing research is a component of a broader, Australian Research Council funded, study of Aboriginal exchange systems and social networks in Southeastern Australia 2012-14: Axes, Exchange, Social Change: New Perspectives on Australian Hunter Gatherers (DP12010393), directed by Peter Grave (University of New England) and Val Attenbrow (Australian Museum). Spatial reconstruction of Early European observations of movement and gathering of Aboriginal people across, and into and out of Dharawal country between 1788 and 1850, allows archaeological and historical social network patterns to be directly compared. Results suggest significant correlation between the two, as well as consistency in the historical pattern over time. This evidence suggests pathways linking Dharawal groups socially and economically, in place prior to the arrival of Europeans, continued to be used throughout the first fifty years of European colonisation. These results that support and enhance previous research findings in the region. Evidence that this cultural pattern may have remained stable through a period of known social upheaval suggests that the network of pathways interconnecting Dharawal groups, pathways aligned with the distinctive physiography of country, may have also been stable through earlier times of change. If so, this may also shed light on the nature, and function, of this network in the culturally, socially and environmentally dynamic, deeper past. 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/13555 Money doesn’t make the world go round: Angkor’s non-monetisation Lustig, Eileen It has been observed that, in contrast to other Asian and Southeast Asian polities, there are no records of monetary transactions in Angkor's 6th–14th century inscriptions, and no reference to a unit of account after the late 8th century. Explanations for this have been offered, but none of them have much support. In fact, a considerable range of monetary concepts are expressed throughout the study period, and it is unlikely that there was no unit of account. Differences between records of temple inventories and exchange transactions suggest that perhaps display was more important in temples, and that quantitative values such as weights were important in the exchanges. An explanation for the lack of monetary transactions may lie in the fact that the epigraphy is written by and for an elite seemingly concerned more with merit, hierarchy and display of wealth than bureaucratic detail. 2009-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/2123/13202 Archaeological communication and digital technology: Interview Transcript 05 Colley, Sarah This dataset is part of Sarah Colley's research project Mediated Messages: Archaeology Communication and Digital Technology (2010-2015) which investigates philosophical and ethical questions raised by using digital communication technology in archaeology and cultural heritage practice (e.g. Colley 2013, 2015). In 2011 Colley interviewed thirty Australian-based archaeologists and cultural heritage professionals about their use of digital technology and their communication with professional peers; television, radio and newspaper journalists; public relations and online media practitioners; public and government organisations; businesses; and members of the wider public including Indigenous community members and traditional owners. The research provides insights into e.g. remediation political economy, technology design, representation, authenticity and digital literacy. Changing communication technologies impact on peoples' understanding of and reactions to physical remains of the human past in ways that have broader social political and economic implications. Edited interview transcripts and explanatory report. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/13183 Archaeological communication and digital technology: Interview Transcript 17 Colley, Sarah This dataset is part of Sarah Colley's research project Mediated Messages: Archaeology Communication and Digital Technology (2010-2015) which investigates philosophical and ethical questions raised by using digital communication technology in archaeology and cultural heritage practice (e.g. Colley 2013, 2015). In 2011 Colley interviewed thirty Australian-based archaeologists and cultural heritage professionals about their use of digital technology and their communication with professional peers; television, radio and newspaper journalists; public relations and online media practitioners; public and government organisations; businesses; and members of the wider public including Indigenous community members and traditional owners. The research provides insights into e.g. remediation political economy, technology design, representation, authenticity and digital literacy. Changing communication technologies impact on peoples' understanding of and reactions to physical remains of the human past in ways that have broader social political and economic implications. Edited interview transcripts and explanatory report. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/13207 Archaeological communication and digital technology: Interview Transcript 16 Colley, Sarah This dataset is part of Sarah Colley's research project Mediated Messages: Archaeology Communication and Digital Technology (2010-2015) which investigates philosophical and ethical questions raised by using digital communication technology in archaeology and cultural heritage practice (e.g. Colley 2013, 2015). In 2011 Colley interviewed thirty Australian-based archaeologists and cultural heritage professionals about their use of digital technology and their communication with professional peers; television, radio and newspaper journalists; public relations and online media practitioners; public and government organisations; businesses; and members of the wider public including Indigenous community members and traditional owners. The research provides insights into e.g. remediation political economy, technology design, representation, authenticity and digital literacy. Changing communication technologies impact on peoples' understanding of and reactions to physical remains of the human past in ways that have broader social political and economic implications. Edited interview transcripts and explanatory report. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/13180 Archaeological communication and digital technology: Interview Transcript 19 Colley, Sarah This dataset is part of Sarah Colley's research project Mediated Messages: Archaeology Communication and Digital Technology (2010-2015) which investigates philosophical and ethical questions raised by using digital communication technology in archaeology and cultural heritage practice (e.g. Colley 2013, 2015). In 2011 Colley interviewed thirty Australian-based archaeologists and cultural heritage professionals about their use of digital technology and their communication with professional peers; television, radio and newspaper journalists; public relations and online media practitioners; public and government organisations; businesses; and members of the wider public including Indigenous community members and traditional owners. The research provides insights into e.g. remediation political economy, technology design, representation, authenticity and digital literacy. Changing communication technologies impact on peoples' understanding of and reactions to physical remains of the human past in ways that have broader social political and economic implications. Edited interview transcripts and explanatory report. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/13208 Archaeological communication and digital technology: Interview Transcript 24 Colley, Sarah This dataset is part of Sarah Colley's research project Mediated Messages: Archaeology Communication and Digital Technology (2010-2015) which investigates philosophical and ethical questions raised by using digital communication technology in archaeology and cultural heritage practice (e.g. Colley 2013, 2015). In 2011 Colley interviewed thirty Australian-based archaeologists and cultural heritage professionals about their use of digital technology and their communication with professional peers; television, radio and newspaper journalists; public relations and online media practitioners; public and government organisations; businesses; and members of the wider public including Indigenous community members and traditional owners. The research provides insights into e.g. remediation political economy, technology design, representation, authenticity and digital literacy. Changing communication technologies impact on peoples' understanding of and reactions to physical remains of the human past in ways that have broader social political and economic implications. Edited interview transcripts and explanatory report. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/13187 Archaeological communication and digital technology: Interview Transcript 03 Colley, Sarah This dataset is part of Sarah Colley's research project Mediated Messages: Archaeology Communication and Digital Technology (2010-2015) which investigates philosophical and ethical questions raised by using digital communication technology in archaeology and cultural heritage practice (e.g. Colley 2013, 2015). In 2011 Colley interviewed thirty Australian-based archaeologists and cultural heritage professionals about their use of digital technology and their communication with professional peers; television, radio and newspaper journalists; public relations and online media practitioners; public and government organisations; businesses; and members of the wider public including Indigenous community members and traditional owners. The research provides insights into e.g. remediation political economy, technology design, representation, authenticity and digital literacy. Changing communication technologies impact on peoples' understanding of and reactions to physical remains of the human past in ways that have broader social political and economic implications. Edited interview transcripts and explanatory report. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/13203 Archaeological communication and digital technology: Interview Transcript 26 Colley, Sarah This dataset is part of Sarah Colley's research project Mediated Messages: Archaeology Communication and Digital Technology (2010-2015) which investigates philosophical and ethical questions raised by using digital communication technology in archaeology and cultural heritage practice (e.g. Colley 2013, 2015). In 2011 Colley interviewed thirty Australian-based archaeologists and cultural heritage professionals about their use of digital technology and their communication with professional peers; television, radio and newspaper journalists; public relations and online media practitioners; public and government organisations; businesses; and members of the wider public including Indigenous community members and traditional owners. The research provides insights into e.g. remediation political economy, technology design, representation, authenticity and digital literacy. Changing communication technologies impact on peoples' understanding of and reactions to physical remains of the human past in ways that have broader social political and economic implications. Edited interview transcripts and explanatory report. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/13197 Archaeological communication and digital technology: Interview Transcript 20 Colley, Sarah This dataset is part of Sarah Colley's research project Mediated Messages: Archaeology Communication and Digital Technology (2010-2015) which investigates philosophical and ethical questions raised by using digital communication technology in archaeology and cultural heritage practice (e.g. Colley 2013, 2015). In 2011 Colley interviewed thirty Australian-based archaeologists and cultural heritage professionals about their use of digital technology and their communication with professional peers; television, radio and newspaper journalists; public relations and online media practitioners; public and government organisations; businesses; and members of the wider public including Indigenous community members and traditional owners. The research provides insights into e.g. remediation political economy, technology design, representation, authenticity and digital literacy. Changing communication technologies impact on peoples' understanding of and reactions to physical remains of the human past in ways that have broader social political and economic implications. Edited interview transcripts and explanatory report. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/13188 Archaeological communication and digital technology: Interview Transcript 12 Colley, Sarah This dataset is part of Sarah Colley's research project Mediated Messages: Archaeology Communication and Digital Technology (2010-2015) which investigates philosophical and ethical questions raised by using digital communication technology in archaeology and cultural heritage practice (e.g. Colley 2013, 2015). In 2011 Colley interviewed thirty Australian-based archaeologists and cultural heritage professionals about their use of digital technology and their communication with professional peers; television, radio and newspaper journalists; public relations and online media practitioners; public and government organisations; businesses; and members of the wider public including Indigenous community members and traditional owners. The research provides insights into e.g. remediation political economy, technology design, representation, authenticity and digital literacy. Changing communication technologies impact on peoples' understanding of and reactions to physical remains of the human past in ways that have broader social political and economic implications. Edited interview transcripts and explanatory report. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/13186 Archaeological communication and digital technology: Interview Transcript 08 Colley, Sarah This dataset is part of Sarah Colley's research project Mediated Messages: Archaeology Communication and Digital Technology (2010-2015) which investigates philosophical and ethical questions raised by using digital communication technology in archaeology and cultural heritage practice (e.g. Colley 2013, 2015). In 2011 Colley interviewed thirty Australian-based archaeologists and cultural heritage professionals about their use of digital technology and their communication with professional peers; television, radio and newspaper journalists; public relations and online media practitioners; public and government organisations; businesses; and members of the wider public including Indigenous community members and traditional owners. The research provides insights into e.g. remediation political economy, technology design, representation, authenticity and digital literacy. Changing communication technologies impact on peoples' understanding of and reactions to physical remains of the human past in ways that have broader social political and economic implications. Edited interview transcripts and explanatory report. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/13195 Archaeological communication and digital technology: Interview Transcript 29 Colley, Sarah This dataset is part of Sarah Colley's research project Mediated Messages: Archaeology Communication and Digital Technology (2010-2015) which investigates philosophical and ethical questions raised by using digital communication technology in archaeology and cultural heritage practice (e.g. Colley 2013, 2015). In 2011 Colley interviewed thirty Australian-based archaeologists and cultural heritage professionals about their use of digital technology and their communication with professional peers; television, radio and newspaper journalists; public relations and online media practitioners; public and government organisations; businesses; and members of the wider public including Indigenous community members and traditional owners. The research provides insights into e.g. remediation political economy, technology design, representation, authenticity and digital literacy. Changing communication technologies impact on peoples' understanding of and reactions to physical remains of the human past in ways that have broader social political and economic implications. Edited interview transcripts and explanatory report. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/13189 Archaeological communication and digital technology: Interview Transcript 23 Colley, Sarah This dataset is part of Sarah Colley's research project Mediated Messages: Archaeology Communication and Digital Technology (2010-2015) which investigates philosophical and ethical questions raised by using digital communication technology in archaeology and cultural heritage practice (e.g. Colley 2013, 2015). In 2011 Colley interviewed thirty Australian-based archaeologists and cultural heritage professionals about their use of digital technology and their communication with professional peers; television, radio and newspaper journalists; public relations and online media practitioners; public and government organisations; businesses; and members of the wider public including Indigenous community members and traditional owners. The research provides insights into e.g. remediation political economy, technology design, representation, authenticity and digital literacy. Changing communication technologies impact on peoples' understanding of and reactions to physical remains of the human past in ways that have broader social political and economic implications. Edited interview transcripts and explanatory report. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/13201 Archaeological communication and digital technology: Interview Transcript 30 Colley, Sarah This dataset is part of Sarah Colley's research project Mediated Messages: Archaeology Communication and Digital Technology (2010-2015) which investigates philosophical and ethical questions raised by using digital communication technology in archaeology and cultural heritage practice (e.g. Colley 2013, 2015). In 2011 Colley interviewed thirty Australian-based archaeologists and cultural heritage professionals about their use of digital technology and their communication with professional peers; television, radio and newspaper journalists; public relations and online media practitioners; public and government organisations; businesses; and members of the wider public including Indigenous community members and traditional owners. The research provides insights into e.g. remediation political economy, technology design, representation, authenticity and digital literacy. Changing communication technologies impact on peoples' understanding of and reactions to physical remains of the human past in ways that have broader social political and economic implications. Edited interview transcripts and explanatory report. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/13204 Archaeological communication and digital technology: Interview Transcript 10 Colley, Sarah This dataset is part of Sarah Colley's research project Mediated Messages: Archaeology Communication and Digital Technology (2010-2015) which investigates philosophical and ethical questions raised by using digital communication technology in archaeology and cultural heritage practice (e.g. Colley 2013, 2015). In 2011 Colley interviewed thirty Australian-based archaeologists and cultural heritage professionals about their use of digital technology and their communication with professional peers; television, radio and newspaper journalists; public relations and online media practitioners; public and government organisations; businesses; and members of the wider public including Indigenous community members and traditional owners. The research provides insights into e.g. remediation political economy, technology design, representation, authenticity and digital literacy. Changing communication technologies impact on peoples' understanding of and reactions to physical remains of the human past in ways that have broader social political and economic implications. Edited interview transcripts and explanatory report. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/13198 Archaeological communication and digital technology: Interview Transcript 13 Colley, Sarah This dataset is part of Sarah Colley's research project Mediated Messages: Archaeology Communication and Digital Technology (2010-2015) which investigates philosophical and ethical questions raised by using digital communication technology in archaeology and cultural heritage practice (e.g. Colley 2013, 2015). In 2011 Colley interviewed thirty Australian-based archaeologists and cultural heritage professionals about their use of digital technology and their communication with professional peers; television, radio and newspaper journalists; public relations and online media practitioners; public and government organisations; businesses; and members of the wider public including Indigenous community members and traditional owners. The research provides insights into e.g. remediation political economy, technology design, representation, authenticity and digital literacy. Changing communication technologies impact on peoples' understanding of and reactions to physical remains of the human past in ways that have broader social political and economic implications. Edited interview transcripts and explanatory report. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/13199 Archaeological communication and digital technology: Interview Transcript 06 Colley, Sarah This dataset is part of Sarah Colley's research project Mediated Messages: Archaeology Communication and Digital Technology (2010-2015) which investigates philosophical and ethical questions raised by using digital communication technology in archaeology and cultural heritage practice (e.g. Colley 2013, 2015). In 2011 Colley interviewed thirty Australian-based archaeologists and cultural heritage professionals about their use of digital technology and their communication with professional peers; television, radio and newspaper journalists; public relations and online media practitioners; public and government organisations; businesses; and members of the wider public including Indigenous community members and traditional owners. The research provides insights into e.g. remediation political economy, technology design, representation, authenticity and digital literacy. Changing communication technologies impact on peoples' understanding of and reactions to physical remains of the human past in ways that have broader social political and economic implications. Edited interview transcripts and explanatory report. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/13206 Archaeological communication and digital technology: Interview Transcript 18 Colley, Sarah This dataset is part of Sarah Colley's research project Mediated Messages: Archaeology Communication and Digital Technology (2010-2015) which investigates philosophical and ethical questions raised by using digital communication technology in archaeology and cultural heritage practice (e.g. Colley 2013, 2015). In 2011 Colley interviewed thirty Australian-based archaeologists and cultural heritage professionals about their use of digital technology and their communication with professional peers; television, radio and newspaper journalists; public relations and online media practitioners; public and government organisations; businesses; and members of the wider public including Indigenous community members and traditional owners. The research provides insights into e.g. remediation political economy, technology design, representation, authenticity and digital literacy. Changing communication technologies impact on peoples' understanding of and reactions to physical remains of the human past in ways that have broader social political and economic implications. Edited interview transcripts and explanatory report. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/13194 Archaeological communication and digital technology: Interview Transcript 22 Colley, Sarah This dataset is part of Sarah Colley's research project Mediated Messages: Archaeology Communication and Digital Technology (2010-2015) which investigates philosophical and ethical questions raised by using digital communication technology in archaeology and cultural heritage practice (e.g. Colley 2013, 2015). In 2011 Colley interviewed thirty Australian-based archaeologists and cultural heritage professionals about their use of digital technology and their communication with professional peers; television, radio and newspaper journalists; public relations and online media practitioners; public and government organisations; businesses; and members of the wider public including Indigenous community members and traditional owners. The research provides insights into e.g. remediation political economy, technology design, representation, authenticity and digital literacy. Changing communication technologies impact on peoples' understanding of and reactions to physical remains of the human past in ways that have broader social political and economic implications. Edited interview transcripts and explanatory report. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/13205 Archaeological communication and digital technology: Interview Transcript 27 Colley, Sarah This dataset is part of Sarah Colley's research project Mediated Messages: Archaeology Communication and Digital Technology (2010-2015) which investigates philosophical and ethical questions raised by using digital communication technology in archaeology and cultural heritage practice (e.g. Colley 2013, 2015). In 2011 Colley interviewed thirty Australian-based archaeologists and cultural heritage professionals about their use of digital technology and their communication with professional peers; television, radio and newspaper journalists; public relations and online media practitioners; public and government organisations; businesses; and members of the wider public including Indigenous community members and traditional owners. The research provides insights into e.g. remediation political economy, technology design, representation, authenticity and digital literacy. Changing communication technologies impact on peoples' understanding of and reactions to physical remains of the human past in ways that have broader social political and economic implications. Edited interview transcripts and explanatory report. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/13178 Archaeological communication and digital technology: Interview Transcript 15 Colley, Sarah This dataset is part of Sarah Colley's research project Mediated Messages: Archaeology Communication and Digital Technology (2010-2015) which investigates philosophical and ethical questions raised by using digital communication technology in archaeology and cultural heritage practice (e.g. Colley 2013, 2015). In 2011 Colley interviewed thirty Australian-based archaeologists and cultural heritage professionals about their use of digital technology and their communication with professional peers; television, radio and newspaper journalists; public relations and online media practitioners; public and government organisations; businesses; and members of the wider public including Indigenous community members and traditional owners. The research provides insights into e.g. remediation political economy, technology design, representation, authenticity and digital literacy. Changing communication technologies impact on peoples' understanding of and reactions to physical remains of the human past in ways that have broader social political and economic implications. Edited interview transcripts and explanatory report. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/13181 Archaeological communication and digital technology: Interview Transcript 11 Colley, Sarah This dataset is part of Sarah Colley's research project Mediated Messages: Archaeology Communication and Digital Technology (2010-2015) which investigates philosophical and ethical questions raised by using digital communication technology in archaeology and cultural heritage practice (e.g. Colley 2013, 2015). In 2011 Colley interviewed thirty Australian-based archaeologists and cultural heritage professionals about their use of digital technology and their communication with professional peers; television, radio and newspaper journalists; public relations and online media practitioners; public and government organisations; businesses; and members of the wider public including Indigenous community members and traditional owners. The research provides insights into e.g. remediation political economy, technology design, representation, authenticity and digital literacy. Changing communication technologies impact on peoples' understanding of and reactions to physical remains of the human past in ways that have broader social political and economic implications. Edited interview transcripts and explanatory report. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/13184 Archaeological communication and digital technology: Interview Transcript 09 Colley, Sarah This dataset is part of Sarah Colley's research project Mediated Messages: Archaeology Communication and Digital Technology (2010-2015) which investigates philosophical and ethical questions raised by using digital communication technology in archaeology and cultural heritage practice (e.g. Colley 2013, 2015). In 2011 Colley interviewed thirty Australian-based archaeologists and cultural heritage professionals about their use of digital technology and their communication with professional peers; television, radio and newspaper journalists; public relations and online media practitioners; public and government organisations; businesses; and members of the wider public including Indigenous community members and traditional owners. The research provides insights into e.g. remediation political economy, technology design, representation, authenticity and digital literacy. Changing communication technologies impact on peoples' understanding of and reactions to physical remains of the human past in ways that have broader social political and economic implications. Edited interview transcripts and explanatory report. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/13190 Archaeological communication and digital technology: Interview Transcript 04 Colley, Sarah This dataset is part of Sarah Colley's research project Mediated Messages: Archaeology Communication and Digital Technology (2010-2015) which investigates philosophical and ethical questions raised by using digital communication technology in archaeology and cultural heritage practice (e.g. Colley 2013, 2015). In 2011 Colley interviewed thirty Australian-based archaeologists and cultural heritage professionals about their use of digital technology and their communication with professional peers; television, radio and newspaper journalists; public relations and online media practitioners; public and government organisations; businesses; and members of the wider public including Indigenous community members and traditional owners. The research provides insights into e.g. remediation political economy, technology design, representation, authenticity and digital literacy. Changing communication technologies impact on peoples' understanding of and reactions to physical remains of the human past in ways that have broader social political and economic implications. Edited interview transcripts and explanatory report. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/13200 Archaeological communication and digital technology: Interview Transcript 25 Colley, Sarah This dataset is part of Sarah Colley's research project Mediated Messages: Archaeology Communication and Digital Technology (2010-2015) which investigates philosophical and ethical questions raised by using digital communication technology in archaeology and cultural heritage practice (e.g. Colley 2013, 2015). In 2011 Colley interviewed thirty Australian-based archaeologists and cultural heritage professionals about their use of digital technology and their communication with professional peers; television, radio and newspaper journalists; public relations and online media practitioners; public and government organisations; businesses; and members of the wider public including Indigenous community members and traditional owners. The research provides insights into e.g. remediation political economy, technology design, representation, authenticity and digital literacy. Changing communication technologies impact on peoples' understanding of and reactions to physical remains of the human past in ways that have broader social political and economic implications. Edited interview transcripts and explanatory report. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/13192 Archaeological communication and digital technology: Interview Transcript 28 Colley, Sarah This dataset is part of Sarah Colley's research project Mediated Messages: Archaeology Communication and Digital Technology (2010-2015) which investigates philosophical and ethical questions raised by using digital communication technology in archaeology and cultural heritage practice (e.g. Colley 2013, 2015). In 2011 Colley interviewed thirty Australian-based archaeologists and cultural heritage professionals about their use of digital technology and their communication with professional peers; television, radio and newspaper journalists; public relations and online media practitioners; public and government organisations; businesses; and members of the wider public including Indigenous community members and traditional owners. The research provides insights into e.g. remediation political economy, technology design, representation, authenticity and digital literacy. Changing communication technologies impact on peoples' understanding of and reactions to physical remains of the human past in ways that have broader social political and economic implications. Edited interview transcripts and explanatory report.