http://hdl.handle.net/2123/35 2013-05-18T10:32:41Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1632 Title: Sothic star theory of the Egyptian calendar : a critical evaluation Authors: Mackey, Damien Francis Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 1993-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1941 Title: Long term follow-up of the cognitive-behavioural, pain management programme, ADAPT Authors: Beeston, Lee Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 2001-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1940 Title: Diglossia in literary translation : theory and practice Authors: Salah, Reem Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 2006-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1187 Title: Learning in a botanic garden : the excursion experiences of school students and their teachers Authors: Stewart, Katherine Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 2003-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1185 Title: Development of a large diameter ring shear apparatus and its use Authors: Kelly, Richard Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 2001-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1174 Title: ways of the bushwalker : bushwalking in Australia, 1788 Authors: Harper, Melissa Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 2002-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1173 Title: Development of a large diameter ring shear apparatus and its use Authors: Kelly, Richard Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 2001-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2230 Title: Impact of alternative grazing methods on soil quality for Central Tablelands grazing systems Authors: Southorn, Neil Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 2006-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2233 Title: Financial reporting for segments of business enterprises. Authors: G��odall, Richard Leslie. Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 1977-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2232 Title: Parsifal and homosexuality : a study of the reception of Parsifal as a homoerotic text Authors: Gibson, Robert R Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 1997-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2228 Title: Comparative morphology and karyology of the Australian members of the family agamidae and their phylogenetic implications Authors: Witten, Geoffrey James Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 1982-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2229 Title: Labor government in New South Wales, 1941 to 1965 : a study in longevity in government Authors: Clune, David Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 1990-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2231 Title: Contextualising Martin Berteau : new perspectives on his works for cello Authors: Lewis, Eleanor May Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 2002-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9076 Title: A Longitudinal Study on the Linkage between Public Transport Demand and Land Use Characteristics: A Pseudo Panel Approach Authors: Tsai, Chi-Hong Abstract: This study applies a pseudo panel approach to analyse public transport demand in the Sydney Greater Metropolitan Area (SGMA). A public transport demand model is constructed to incorporate two factors that have been highlighted in the literature of travel behaviour but still under-researched, which are: (i) the temporal effect of demand adjustment; and (ii) the land use characteristics of the built environment. The research gaps in previous applied pseudo panel data research including estimation techniques and issues involved with the applications to public transport are identified and addressed in this study. The pseudo panel approach allows for the identification of long-term demand changes using repeated cross-sectional data, which are collected at an individual level with detailed travel-related information and geographical information. This study constructs static and dynamic pseudo panel data models to analyse public transport demand in terms of its associations with price, socio-economic factors,level of public transport service, and land use factors. The research findings identify the significant determinants of public transport demand in the SGMA, with a distinction between short-run and long-run demand elasticities. This suggests a timeframe of 2.13 years is required to reach the long-run demand equilibrium. The estimated demand elasticities are used to forecast demand for the SGMA with validated results supporting the applicability of the public transport model based on the pseudo panel data. The main contribution of this thesis is the identification of long-run public transport demand elasticities using a pseudo panel dataset created from existing repeated cross-sectional household travel survey data which uses more individual information than aggregate data. This approach enables a longitudinal analysis in the absence of genuine panel data, and this in turn provides important implications for urban public transport planning and policy formulation. Description: Doctor of Philosophy(PhD) 2013-05-15T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9068 Title: The Australian foreign policy and defence debate, 1931-1941 : a survey of Australian opinion and foreign policy and defence Authors: Fairbanks, George Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 1967-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9067 Title: Inside out : the depiction of externality in Valerius Maximus Authors: Lawrence, Sarah Jane Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 2006-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9062 Title: The Foreign Direct Investment Location Decision: A Contingency Model of the Foreign Direct Investment Location Decision-Making Process Authors: Quinn, Fiona Abstract: Despite considerable prior research into foreign direct investment (FDI) location decisions, our understanding of the processes underlying such decisions is still limited. Findings from work based in the economics and behavioral theories of the multinational enterprise (MNE) both acknowledge that FDI is not a point-of-time decision but a gradual process that yields important changes over its duration. However, these competing traditions both fall short when attempting to portray the actual process by which FDI location decisions are made by managers in MNEs. This gap has been recently attributed to two interrelated limitations. Firstly, level of analysis concerns have artificially separated managerial decision-making processes from the organizational and environmental structures within which they are made. Secondly, because of the complexity inherent in the FDI location decision environment, the study of these decisions has not taken contextual factors into consideration. This study addresses three important questions in order to build our understanding of the FDI location decision-making processes: (1) What are the decision-making processes that lead to FDI location choice? (2) What is the impact of contextual variables on FDI location decision-making processes at different levels of analysis, and are there any patterns of variation in decision processes under different decision conditions? (3) What factors drive final FDI location choice, and can a useful framework or theory be developed that links FDI location decision-making processes and context to drivers of FDI location choice? In order to address level of analysis concerns, the study places the manager at the center of the FDI location decision in modeling and in research, a strategy recommended by an emerging stream of behavioral-focused international business research (Aharoni, 2010; Buckley et al., 2007; Devinney, 2011). By examining FDI location decisions from the perspective of the managers who implement them, it is possible to clarify the nature of processes that lead to FDI location choice, and identify the impact of different elements of decision maker, firm and environmental context on such processes. The conceptual framework builds on Aharoni’s (1966) pivotal research while incorporating findings from broader behavioral managerial decision models and international business research. The framework is based on the assumption that FDI location decision-making processes and final choice are contingent upon interactions between the environmental, firm and decision maker context under which the decision is made. The research was undertaken in three phases. Phase 1 included a literature review that covered research on the MNE, internationalization, and decision making. The findings of the review identified key aspects of FDI location decision context and led to the development of an initial contingency framework of strategic decision making. Phase 2 consisted of an exploratory case study of twenty four FDI location decisions. The initial contingency framework developed during the literature review was used during this stage to identify the relationship between decision-making processes and contextual variables at the case decisions. By drawing on results from the exploratory research, an initial conceptual model and a set of propositions were developed. In Phase 3, twenty case studies were theoretically sampled from a pool of MNEs of varying size and parent-country nationality within the knowledge-based industries. The data collection and analysis followed a process, event-driven approach to case study research involving the mapping of key sequences of events as well as within- and cross-case analysis. The results identify the key elements of the decision process that explain FDI location behavior and develop a framework that links them together and makes them sensible. The four key elements of the FDI location decision that comprise the framework include: (i) the process, (ii) the context, (iii) patterns, and (iv) location. Research findings show the FDI location decision process as comprising of five broad stages, the content of each driven by a dynamic and evolving interpretation of maximum subjective expected utility. Utility preferences are identified as the consequence of shifting and opaque goals, founded upon imperfect information, operating in an environment marked by uncertainty. Five variations in the overall orientation of utility at case decisions, classified in the study as ‘decision rules,’ proved to be more useful predictors of decision-making behavior than traditional notions of bounded rationality seeking rent extraction and profitability. Decision processes were found to vary in five prototypical patterns, according to clusters of contextual variables that together moderated the level of decision-maker autonomy, hierarchical centralization, rule formalization, commitment to strategy, and politicization of the decision. Patterns are described as FDI location decision-making models, and proposed as an initial step towards the development of a taxonomy of FDI location decision-making processes. Because of the dynamic and staged nature of the process, findings showed that factors that were important at one stage of the decision were not as important at the next. As such, the task of identifying universal drivers of FDI location was deemed an unfeasible one. In place of universal drivers, the initiating force of the investment, the purpose of investment and information sources and networks are identified as the key context-specific determinants of location in FDI decisions. Bounded by uncertainty, chance, the dynamics of the process and decision-maker effects, each of these aspects of the decision served to limit the possible consideration set for investment, and formed the value basis and measures from which to select the most attractive location choice. Despite the contextual differences in these drivers, however, the study revealed a strong pattern that showed that the importance of specific location considerations differed in much the same way across case decisions. During the first stage of case decisions primarily strategic aspects of locations were considered; during the second, considerations relating to the system; operational concerns in the third; implementation concerns in the fourth; and added value factors in the final choice. How each of these concerns was interpreted to reach final location choice differed according to the drivers mentioned previously, although the patterns were the same. This study develops a contingency framework for examining the FDI location decision-making processes of MNEs under different operating conditions. By identifying the four key components of the FDI location decision, their interrelationships and many sources of variance, this thesis shows that despite its complexity, the FDI location decision is amenable to useful conceptual structuring. From an academic standpoint, the framework answers Aharoni’s most recent call to action in ‘Behavioral Elements in Foreign Direct Investment’ (2010) by developing a replicable structure within which to think about incorporating managerial decision models and context into the theory of the MNE. These findings enhance understandings of decision making at MNEs, reconcile a number of inconsistencies between opposing perspectives of MNE theory, and thereby update extant theory so that it has greater relevance in today’s diverse international business environment. From a managerial standpoint, the thesis helps managers to recognize the opportunities and limitations posed by different aspects of decision context so that they are able to tailor their FDI location decision strategies to best suit their needs. Finally, from the perspective of policy markers, research findings provide great support for the use of investment attraction schemes through the use of targeted location marketing and investment incentives.   Description: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) 2012-06-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9056 Title: Protecting China's cultural heritage : a legal and policy approach Authors: Gruber, Stefan Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9055 Title: The cultural virus Authors: Cullen, Ben Sandford, 1964-1995 Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 1993-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9054 Title: How and why : recontextualizing science explanations in school science books Authors: Unsworth, Len Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 1995-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9053 Title: A study of pianist Keith Jarrett's approach to the structuring of an improvised performance, based upon the standard song, from the years 1985 to 1989 Authors: Bruer, Tim. Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 2003-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9052 Title: Global integration of Turkish finance capital : state, capital and banking reform in Turkey Authors: Gültekin-Karakaş, Derya. Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 2005-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9046 Title: Sexualised citizenship in print culture : an ethnography of Filipinos in Australia Authors: Espinosa, Shirlita Africa Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9045 Title: An investigation of forward motion as an analytic template Authors: Brien, Stephen Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 2004-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9044 Title: The environmental reconstruction of the last glacial cycle at Redhead Lagoon in coastal, eastern Australia Authors: Williams, Nicola Jane Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 2005-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9043 Title: Surviving clinical nursing : a phemomenological text about the lifeworld of the clinical nurse specialist Authors: Borbasi, Sally Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 1995-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9039 Title: Mobile information services: enriching information architecture with urban design Authors: Wallace, Stewart Abstract: Ubiquitous wireless communications, information mobility and location-based information services have created a new layer of urban experience, an information layer. The information services that deliver this layer to the urban actor (particularly pedestrians) will soon be ubiquitous and using those services a normal and integral part of the urban experience; more than an optional and utilitarian adjunct to it. The urban setting for these services prompts the question as to whether urban designers should be playing a role in their design and development; a role that seems conspicuously absent from current services. This thesis explores mechanisms which might facilitate a greater role for urban design by seeking ways in which the information architecture that underpins these information services might better reflect the qualities and complexities of urban space that urban designers recognise and value. The work of a range of prominent urban design thinkers is reviewed for ideas, constructs and elements that can be incorporated into an enriched information architecture which could in turn deliver information services that do justice to the depth and complexity of the urban environment. Technologies and standards associated with the ‘semantic web’ are identified as those which might best accommodate an appropriate information architecture; in particular, the ability to reflect the network characteristics of urban space viewed as a multi-dimensional graph of interconnected nodes. This view of urban space is contrasted with the relatively flattened view offered by global geo-spatial capability. An information model is built (only one of many possibilities) and validated using a limited test area in central Sydney. Practical and institutional issues which may impinge on the realisation and deployment of such a model in a real world setting are briefly considered in an appendix. Description: Masters of Philosophy 2009-03-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9036 Title: Church and state in the Diocese of Hereford, 1327-1535 Authors: Tarrant, Judith Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 1988-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9035 Title: The population ecology of the intertidal bivalve Lasaea australis Authors: Tong, Lily K. Y. (Lily Kit Ying) Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 1990-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9034 Title: Humanism and legal historiography in late sixteenth and early seventeenth century England : the Elizabethan Society of Antiquaries Authors: Stuckey, Michael, 1964- Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 2000-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9033 Title: Empire building colonials : the implications of size in the hard coral Plesiastrea versipora Authors: Withers, Karen J. T. Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 2000-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9032 Title: Pragmatics and the politics of discourse Authors: Simpson, David (David Ian) Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 1986-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9031 Title: Crime and outrage : sexual villains and sexual violence in New South Wales, 1870-1930 Authors: Kaladelfos, Amanda. Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 2010-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9030 Title: Acculturation, Sexuality and Sexual Health of Indian Migrant Men Living in Australia Authors: Ramanathan, Vijayasarathi. Abstract: Background Ethnicity and culture have an impact on sexual attitudes and behaviours of individuals and communities. Immigrants from different ethnic groups differ in sexual values, and culturally prescribed attitudes and behaviours have been found to contribute to sexual health inequalities among immigrant populations. Research has also confirmed the importance of examining the relationship between sexuality and the culture change process (acculturation). Indians belong to the world’s second most populous country and constitute one of the largest immigrant communities in Australia, the USA, UK and Canada. In 2011-12, India was Australia’s largest source country of migrants. Yet there is a paucity of scientific information about the effects of acculturation on sexuality and sexual health among Indian immigrants and most of what we know is based on research that has a number of serious conceptual and methodological shortcomings. The present study addressed this knowledge gap by exploring the psychosocial and cultural dimensions of sexuality and sexual health among a community-based sample of Indian men living in Australia. Unlike much of the previous research, which conceptualised and measured acculturation as a unilinear (assimilation) and unidimensional (behavioural) phenomenon, it adopted a bilinear, multidimensional model of acculturation. Aims The present study had three broad aims: • To explore sexual perceptions, attitudes and behaviours of Indian immigrant men living in Australia. • To explore the help-seeking attitudes of Indian immigrant men for sexual health • To examine the effects of acculturation on sexuality of Indian immigrant men living in a multicultural society (Australia). Method The project used a sequential, mixed method design. In Stage 1, qualitative data were collected from 21 participants in five focus groups. Findings from this stage were analysed both in their own right and in order to identify topics for further investigation. The group discussions were tape-recorded and transcribed and a thematic content analysis was performed. In Stage 2, 278 Indian men completed an online survey that used a 100-item questionnaire. It included a number of validated tools for measuring multidimensionality of acculturation, sexual attitudes and safe sex behaviour. The scales were assessed for their psychometric properties using the present study sample and were found to be comparable with previous findings. The survey data were analysed using non-parametric tests, where necessary, and the findings were presented in the form of descriptive and analytical statistics. Results The present study sample can be considered representative of Indian men in the general Australian population. A differential pattern of acculturation was found in the present study, with more men holding on to Indian values even though they tend to be bicultural in their behaviour and self-identity. A moderate (not too liberal or too conservative) pattern of permissive sexual attitudes was observed. Indian men’s belief in cultural values, relationship status and whether they masturbate or not were found to be significant predictors of permissive sexual attitudes. A view that sex is not only an important part of a person’s life but is also a unifying phenomenon between partners emerged from both focus group and survey data. A large proportion of Indian men expressed favourable/liberal attitudes towards masturbation and reported that they have masturbated at some point in their life. Using hands and tummy-down were the most common methods and erotic visual materials and self-thoughts (fantasising imagination) were the common stimulants for masturbation. The most frequently reported reasons for masturbating were to gain pleasure and to relax and relieve stress. About two-thirds of men who continue to masturbate reported one of three positive feelings (satisfying, healthy or attractive). Permissive sexual attitudes were the strongest predictor of positive feelings about masturbation. Indian men, irrespective of their relationship status, tended to engage in safe sex practice primarily by avoiding risky behaviours. While many were aware of HIV/AIDS, their knowledge of other common sexually transmissible infections (STIs) was limited. Data from both stages of the present study demonstrated that medical doctors (both general practitioners and specialists) were the main source of information and help for Indian men in regard to their sexual health. Conclusion The present investigation, which is first of its kind to be conducted among Indians, has established a baseline of scientific evidence to guide future research. The fluid nature of both sexuality and culture poses a considerable challenge to the scientific study of cultural effects on sexuality among any population. Even greater complexity exists in relation to Indians, who have experienced long periods of conflicting cultural influences on sexuality and whose social structure comprises a highly differentiated class and caste system. In an era of rapid economic and technological growth and modernisation, another challenge to socio-psychological studies on sexuality is the need to separate the effects of globalisation from those of acculturation. The findings also have a number of important implications for policy and for clinical practice in relation to the sexual health of immigrants in Australia. There could be considerable benefit, for instance, in developing a rapid values-assessment tool that would allow busy health professionals to look beyond a patient/client’s external behaviour or self-identity in order to facilitate holistic treatment of sexual problems. Limited knowledge about common sexually transmissible infections in Australia among Indian men has significant implications for policy changes around immigrants’ sexual health in Australia. Description: Doctor of Philosophy 2013-04-15T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9028 Title: Characterising and understanding swampy meadows in the NSW Central Tablelands region: a prerequisite for their restoration Authors: Mactaggart, Barbara Gilmore Abstract: This thesis was a multidisciplinary examination of the swampy meadow landform system with particular relevance to the New South Wales Central Tablelands. The research investigated the swampy meadow on many scalar and modal levels, from global scale systematics, through to regional historic reconstruction and prediction of their distribution, and finally to a valley-scale examination of the geomorphic, hydrogeological, and ecological attributes of a near natural spring-fed swampy meadow. The research was premised on the likelihood that the findings would be pivotal to swampy meadow restoration theory and practice. Swampy meadows, characterised by non-incised, discontinuous channels vegetated with dense tussock grass, sedges and rushes, were once common in the region. The impacts of European land-use have, however, contributed significantly to their widespread and rapid degradation. The detrimental affects of swampy meadow degradation are increasingly being recognised by scientists and resource managers and have led to a heightened sense of the need for their restoration, management and conservation. While swampy meadow evolution, form and function are relatively well understood geomorphically, there is a paucity of multi-disciplinary knowledge, particularly in relation to their ecology and hydrology. The research undertaken in this study followed many lines of enquiry. First, an examination of the systematics and nomenclature used to describe the swampy meadow found that the use of many different terms creates confusion, and the lack of a precise definition very likely limits knowledge transfer. The inadequate definitional status of swampy meadows also hinders our ability to protect and restore these landforms within the current legislative framework. A more precise taxonomic definition of the swampy meadow was constructed by considering their geomorphic, hydrologic, ecologic and evolutionary characteristics. An attempt was also made to reconstruct the distribution and characteristics of the swampy meadow in the Central Tablelands using both historic documentation and a gradsect sampling of 70 swampy meadows. It became evident that, at the time of early European settlement, problems with landform recognition and a general lack of a perceived necessity to record swampy meadow-type features, resulted in scant and often unreliable recordings. The contemporary analyses of the swampy meadows sampled indicated there is a high variance in environments suitable for their development, and a high degree of swampy meadow heterogeneity in the region. Therefore, based on these data, predicting where swampy meadows are likely to occur or would have occurred prior to European settlement remains a very imprecise science. What swampy meadows all have in common, however, is that they develop in a low energy environment and one which maintains permanent or periodically high soil moisture. Further, to test theories, provide descriptions and generate theories of how swampy meadows may function in a natural landscape, a natural spring-fed swampy meadow was used as a case study. Based on piezometer readings, soil logs and vegetation transects, a major finding to emerge was the high degree of heterogeneity and complexity observed in the spring-fed system in relation to its hydrogeological, ecological and physical characteristics. The small scale variability of groundwater movement, coupled with the complexity of valley sediments and their differential permeabilities, makes any spatio-temporal prediction of groundwater behaviour and soil water status difficult. Another major finding which is important for our understanding of ecosystem resilience and recovery is that the plant communities in this swampy meadow are dominated by only a few species that are both abundant and have high constancy. It is reasoned that plant life-form and function contribute more towards ecosystem stability, organic matter accumulation, and sediment aggradation than do species diversity. Finally, in a time of climate uncertainty and shortages of available water, restoring the hydrological functioning of swampy meadows is imperative. It is suggested that for the effective and appropriate restoration of swampy meadows, a review and an amendment of the current policies and legislation is warranted. As well, due recognition of the hydro-biophysical characteristics of the swampy meadow needs to be given in the definition, and a greater multi-disciplinary understanding of the complexity and heterogeneity of the landform is required. Description: Doctor of Philosophy 2008-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9023 Title: Exploratory Study of High Risk Behaviours Amongst Muslim Adults Living in Australia Authors: Nazir, Ridwaan Abstract: The aim of this study was to explore a broad range of high risk behaviours amongst the Muslim community in Australia. Social supports, decision making and lifestyle factors were also investigated. Previous studies have found religiosity to be a protective factor for risk behaviours. However few studies have examined a broad variety of risk behaviours, particularly in the Muslim community. Respondents for this study included 149 adults who identified as Muslims and participated in an online survey adapted from that used by (Abbott-Chapman & Denholm, 2001; Abbott-Chapman, Denholm, & Wyld, 2008a, 2008b). The Risk Activity by Personal Risk Assessment (RAPRA) index was used to combine risk perception and risk involvement scores of 24 risk behaviours to determine risk propensity from the perspective of the participants. Weighted averages of the 24 risk behaviours were correlated with demographic data using Pearson’s correlations and one way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) tests to determine factors associated with each risk behaviour. The religiosity index which combined religious beliefs, place of worship attendance and religious importance was also correlated with weighted averages to determine if religiosity was a protective factor. Relationships between risk activities were also explored. Data on social support networks, decision making and lifestyle values were also collected. On average, behaviours involving manufactured illegal drug use were of least concern and sex without self/partner being on the pill, watching R or X rated movies, sex without a condom and speeding in a car were of highest concern. However risk propensity ranged from low to moderate across all 24 behaviours. Characteristics related to the most risks were being a male, being a parent and low religiosity which were all related to alcohol, smoking marijuana/hash and smoking cigarettes. All risk activities had significant relationships with other risk activities in the study. High religiosity was found to be protective for binge drinking, alcohol use, cigarettes, gambling, smoking marijuana/hash, snorting cocaine and taking speed/ecstasy. Muslims would seek support from their close family members and same gender friends for personal and career issues and parents were most trusted. Doctors were most relied on for health problems and teachers/educators were most relied on for study problems. When making decisions about risk, Muslims concern for safety, morality, legality and family were found to be important. Lifestyle values considered important by Muslims included self-respect, being responsible for one’s own actions, perceptions of right and wrong and respecting others. Muslims considered following rules set by religion, sharing experience with someone more experienced, seeking advice from parents and seeking advice from members of their religious community all as important when making decisions about their lifestyle. These findings provide significant data for future research in specific areas of concern in the Muslim community particularly with men and parents. This study also supports research that implies that high religiosity is effective in preventing involvement in risk activities. Religion, family and community were found to important values in the lives of Muslims and in their decision making processes. Description: Master of Applied Science 2013-04-08T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9019 Title: SIGNIFICANT PROPERTIES OF UNIVERSAL RESTORATIVE MATERIALS CONTAINING PRE-REACTED GLASS IONOMER PARTICLES Authors: Naoum, Steven James Abstract: ABSTRACT Carious lesions located at the margins of resin composite restorations and on unrestored proximal tooth surfaces in contact with resin composite restorations is an undesirable occurrence that can necessitate restorative intervention. Significantly however, several in vivo and in vitro studies have shown that should a composite restoration have fluoride releasing capability, the incidence of caries associated with resin composite restorations at these locations has the potential to be reduced. Further, it has been speculated that the inclusion of Pre-reacted glass ionomer (PRG) particles within resin composites can facilitate resin composite fluoride releasing capability. The aim of the present study therefore was to evaluate selected significant properties of resin composites containing Pre-reacted glass ionomer particles so to assess whether the inclusion of PRG particles within resin composites has the potential to improve the longevity of direct resin composite restorations and adjacent unrestored tooth surfaces through reducing the occurrence of caries induced restorative intervention. For reasons of relevance and propriety constraints this investigation centred on assessment of the most recently developed resin composite containing Pre-reacted glass ionomer particles (PRG) indicated for ‘universal’ restorative use; Beautifil II (Shofu Inc, Kyoto, Japan). Resin composites containing PRG particles have been given the classification Giomer. Properties of Beautifil II that were examined in this study include fluoride release, fluoride recharge, mechanical stability with ageing and the level of polymerisation contraction. The performance of Beautifil II in relation to these properties was compared to fluoride releasing composites, glass ionomers and ‘low polymerisation shrinkage’ composites as appropriate. The effect of repeated fluoride recharge on the stability of the adhesion between dentine and a bonding system incorporating PRG particles was also examined. In addition, the willingness of dental students and dental practitioners to employ resin composites containing Pre-reacted glass ionomer particles was assessed through a questionnaire and a material handling exercise. In the present study the ‘universal’ composite Beautifil II, containing Pre-reacted glass ionomer particles demonstrated: • Ability to sustain fluoride release over long term ageing (18 months). The concentration of fluoride release exhibited by Beautifil II was significantly (p<0.05) greater than the fluoride release from fluoride containing composites Gradia Direct X and Tetric EvoCeram, but was less than the release from the glass ionomer Fuji IX Extra. • Capacity to be recharged following application of topical fluoride. Importantly, this fluoride recharge capability was observed to continue after repeated fluoride applications and despite long term ageing (18 months). The fluoride recharge capability exhibited by Beautifil II was significantly (p<0.05) greater than the recharge capability of fluoride containing composites Gradia Direct X and Tetric EvoCeram but was less than that exhibited by the glass ionomer Fuji IX Extra. • Ability when exposed to daily five minute topical fluoride application to re-release fluoride at levels comparable to the fluoride released by glass ionomers after four weeks ageing; the ‘plateau’ fluoride release of glass ionomers. Notably it is the long term ‘plateau’ fluoride release from glass ionomers rather than the high ‘initial burst’ of released fluoride which is claimed to be responsible for any caries inhibitive action associated with the fluoride released from glass ionomers. • Maintenance of stability of mechanical properties (elastic modulus and hardness) despite long term (18 month) ageing, fluoride release and fluoride recharge at values comparable to conventional composites and significantly (p<0.05) exceeding those of glass ionomers. Additionally, the stability of giomer-dentine bond strengths was maintained over a four month period and despite repeated fluoride recharge to margins of Beautifil II-FL Bond II restorations; FL Bond II is an adhesive containing PRG particles. • A significantly greater (p<0.05) rate and volume of polymerisation contraction in comparison to newly developed ‘low shrinkage’ resin composites Kalore and Silorane. • A lower viscosity compared to conventional composites causing a reduction in clinician acceptance on the basis of handling. However, Australian dental practitioners indicated a clear interest in using composites containing PRG particles and are willing to accept a compromise in composite handling (78%) and aesthetic qualities (95%) if this is a necessary result of PRG particle inclusion. The greater polymerisation shrinkage and lower viscosity of Beautifil II in comparison to the other assessed composites can be attributed to the greater concentration of TEGDMA in giomers in comparison to TEGDMA levels within conventional and ‘low shrinkage’ composites. Consequently, within the scope and limitations of this study, the conclusions indicate that inclusion of Pre-reacted glass ionomer particles within resin composites has the potential to facilitate resin composite fluoride release. Consequently inclusion of PRG filler particles within resin composites has the potential to improve composite restoration longevity and the longevity of contacting unrestored tooth surfaces through fluoride mediated caries inhibition. The findings from this study therefore suggests that composites containing PRG filler particles should be considered by practitioners when restoring aesthetically demanding cavities and cavities subject to occlusal loading in high caries risk patients; situations in which fluoride availability for restoration margins and contacting tooth surfaces is advantageous but where glass ionomer placement is contraindicated. In order to optimise the potential benefits provided through PRG particle inclusion within composite resin matrices, incremental composite placement, regular fluoride application to placed PRG containing restorations and the incorporation of PRG particles within resin matrices of lower polymerisation contraction is recommended. The present study suggests that long term clinical evaluation of current and future generations of giomer restorations is warranted to enable clinical confirmation of the findings of this study. Description: Doctor of Philosphy (PhD) 2013-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9017 Title: The basis of chickpea heat tolerance under semi-arid environments Authors: Devasirvatham, Viola Abstract: Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is an important grain legume. Global warming and changes in cropping systems are driving chickpea production to relatively warmer growing conditions. Studies on the impact of climate change on chickpea production highlighted the effect of warmer temperatures on crop development and subsequent chickpea yield. For example, the yield of chickpea declined by up to 301 kg/ha per 1˚C increase in mean seasonal temperature in India. Assessment of whole plant response, particularly flowering and grain filling in warmer environments, in the field is generally an effective screening method. The identification of heat tolerant genotypes can help adapt chickpea to the effects of warmer temperatures. In this study, 167 chickpea genotypes were screened in heat stressed (late season) and non-stressed (normal season) conditions in the field during 2009-10 (year 1) and 2010-11 (year 2) at the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), India. The aim of these experiments was to screen chickpea germplasm in contrasting chickpea growing seasons for high temperature tolerance. Plant phenology (days to first flowering, days to 50% flowering, days to first pod, and days to maturity), growth (plant height, plant width and biomass at harvest) and grain yield including pod number per plant, filled pod number per plant and seed number per plant were recorded in both seasons. There was large and significant variation for phenology, growth, grain yield and yield traits. Pod numbers per plant and harvest index are the two key traits that can be used in selection for breeding programs. The genetic variation was also confirmed by canopy temperature depression and the Heat Tolerance Index (HTI). Furthermore, using daily maximum and minimum temperature during the growing period, temperature for chickpea developmental stages (vegetative, flowering and grain filling phases) was calculated for both seasons to understand genotype × environment (G × E) interaction. In addition, sensitivity of male and female reproductive tissues to high temperature is important to explain the effect of heat stress on the reproductive phase. Therefore, field experiment was conducted at ICRISAT under stressed condition (late season) during 2011. The aim of these experiments was to study genetic variation in male reproductive tissue (anther, pollen), its function (pollen germination and tube growth) and pod set. Pollen fertility, in vitro pollen germination, in vivo pollen germination and pod set was examined under different temperatures. The field experiment was compared with controlled environments (stressed and non-stressed conditions). Both anthers and pollen grains showed more structural abnormalities such as changes in anther locule number, anther epidermis wall thickening and pollen sterility, rather than function (e.g. in vivo pollen tube growth). Clearly, chickpea pollen grains are more sensitive to high temperature than the stigma in both the field and controlled environments. Both studies suggested that the critical temperature for pod set was ≥37˚C in heat tolerant genotypes (ICC 1205; ICC 15614 and ICCV 92944) and ≥33˚C for heat sensitive genotypes (ICC 4567; ICC 10685 and ICC 5912). Implementation of molecular breeding in chickpea improvement program depends on the understanding of genetic diversity. Diversity Array Technology (DArT) is a micro-array based method allowing for finding of DNA polymorphism at several thousand loci in a single assay. The aim of this research was to investigate the genetic diversity between the167 chickpea genotypes using DArT markers. Based on 359 polymorphic DArT markers, 153 genotypes showed polymorphism. A dendrogram derived from cluster analysis based on the genetic similarity coefficient matrix for the 153 genotypes was constructed. There were nine groups (group 1-9) identified from dendrogram. The genotypes were collected from 36 countries and ICRISAT breeding lines were also included in the germplasm. Based on eleven quantitative traits (days to first flowering, days to 50% flowering, days to first pod, days to physiological maturity, plant height, plant width, plant biomass, pod number per plant, filled pod number per plant, seed number per plant and grain yield) observed in the field, the diversity groups were arranged under stressed and non-stressed conditions for two years and their relationship of origin was also studied. The group 9 (ICRISAT breeding lines) produced highest grain yield under non-stressed and heat stressed followed by group 3. Those breeding lines were crossbreeds from the ICRISAT’s breeding programs and released in different countries at different times. Furthermore, characterisation of ICRISAT screening environments using 29 years of temperature data was done to understand the chickpea growing season for future breeding programs. Association analysis was conducted on chickpea genotypes evaluated in the field screening for high temperature tolerance. Eleven quantitative traits observed in the field under heat stressed and non-stressed conditions were analysed to understand the genetic control of heat tolerance through marker-trait association. Under heat stress, 44 DArT markers were associated with grain yield and pod characteristics such as total pod number, filled pod number and seed number. A DArT marker was associated with three or four traits and may be efficiently used in improvement of more than one trait at a time. The associated markers for the traits like plant height, plant width, pod number and grain yield were found in the genomic regions of previously reported QTLs. In addition, many genomic regions for phenology, biomass and grain yield under heat stressed and non-stressed conditions. The number of markers significantly associated with different traits was higher under heat stress, suggesting that many genes are present that control plant response to high temperature in chickpea. Four populations, ICC 1356 x ICC 15614; ICC 10685 x ICC 15614; ICC 4567 x ICC 15614 and ICC 4567 x ICC 1356 of F1s, F2s along with their parents were assessed in the field in 2011 at heat stressed condition (late season). The objective of this experiment was to study the inheritance of heat tolerance. Days to first flowering (DFF), pod number per plant (TNP), filled pod number per plant (NFP), seed number per plant (NS) and grain yield per plant (GY) was recorded. Estimates of broad sense heritability for the traits DFF, TNP, NFP, NS and GY were calculated for all four crosses. In this study, parents were heterogeneous for heat response. At extreme high temperature (>40˚C) the population, especially ICC 4567 x ICC 15614, set pods and gave higher grain yield compared with other crosses. The adaptation of chickpea to high temperature may also be improved using more exotic parents to combine allelic diversity for flowering time, pod number, filled pod number, seed number per plant and grain yield. High temperature clearly has an influence on plant growth, development and grain yield. The research has identified heat tolerant sources of chickpea and also found the impact of high temperature on the male reproductive tissue. Studying genetic diversity using DArT markers and understanding diversity group with agronomic traits provided the basis of chickpea response to high temperature. Further research is needed from populations of chickpea crosses using late generations. This will enable the development of heat tolerant chickpea cultivar. Description: PhD Doctorate 2013-04-04T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9007 Title: Three Essays on Pricing and Market Behaviour around Corporate Acts and Information Releases Authors: Mellare, Craig David Abstract: This dissertation studies pricing and market behaviour around corporate acts and information releases. The issues examined within this thesis are a fundamental part of the functioning of secondary markets and the broader integrity of the financial system. The three essays in this dissertation examine factors related to the efficiency of price adjustment on equity markets in response to new information and the influence of third party certification on initial public offering process. In particular, the speed by which the information contained in corporate earnings announcements is incorporated into equity prices; the behaviour of algorithmic traders around such announcements; and the insights that venture capitalist backing of newly listing companies has for third party investors are comprehensively examined. The outcomes of these studies provide new insights into how equity markets function and, therefore, the findings are relevant for market practitioners, policy makers and the academic community. Description: Doctor of Philosophy 2013-03-28T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9000 Title: The molecular basis of mouse adaptation and virulence by human enterovirus 71 Authors: Zaini, Zainun Abstract: Human enterovirus 71 (HEV71), a member of the human enterovirus A species of the family Picornaviridae, is an emerging pathogen that has recently become a serious health threat in the Asia-Pacific region. Although infection normally causes mild illness that is often undiagnosed, HEV71 has emerged as the dominant cause of large outbreaks of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) in the Asia-Pacific region and can cause serious central nervous system infections leading to aseptic meningitis and encephalitis with a very high mortality. A mouse model is currently the most convenient small animal model for studies of HEV71 pathogenesis and for the primary assessment of potential vaccines against HEV71. Since most HEV71 field isolates do not naturally infect mice, a mouse-adapted strain of HEV71 is required for infection of mice. The primary aim of this project was to produce mouse virulent strains of HEV71 isolated from different outbreaks of HFMD in the Asia-Pacific Region and to elucidate the molecular basis of their mouse virulence. Infectious cDNA clones of HEV71 were initially generated and used as tools to investigate the molecular basis of HEV71 virulence and pathogenesis in mice. Two infectious cDNA clones of HEV71 clinical isolates, HEV71-C2 (genogroup C2) and HEV71-C4 (genogroup C4) were successfully constructed using a low copy-number plasmid vector and an appropriate bacterial host. Transfection of cells with cDNA clones or RNA transcripts derived from these clones produced infectious viruses. Phenotypic characterisation of the clone-derived viruses was performed and they were found to have indistinguishable cell culture growth phenotypes compared to their respective wild-type viruses. However, attempts to generate infectious cDNA clones of another clinical isolate, HEV71-B5 (genogroup B5) were unsuccessful. Our previous work has shown that prior Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell-adaptation of HEV71 was a necessary first step in the adaptation of HEV71 to growth in murine hosts. Consequently, we selected CHO cell-adapted strains of HEV71-B5 and HEV71-C2 by serial passage in CHO cells at high multiplicities of infection. During the course of CHO cell passage, virus growth improved significantly, with increasing virus titres and the presence of cytopathic effect observed. A study of virus growth kinetics revealed that the CHO cell-adapted strains of HEV71-B5 (CHO-B5) and HEV71-C2 (CHO-C2) grew efficiently in CHO cells with maximum titres >100-fold higher than unadapted parental virus. Both CHO-B5 and CHO-C2 harboured single amino acid mutations within the VP2 capsid protein gene. CHO-B5 has an amino acid substitution of K149→I in VP2 and CHO-C2 has an amino acid substitution of K149→M in VP2. The isolate HEV71-C4 failed to adapt to CHO cells during serial passage. Infectious cDNA clone-derived populations of HEV71-C4 containing the mutations K149→I or K149→M in VP2 were generated by site-directed mutagenesis. Both mutations resulted in the ability of the virus to replicate efficiently in CHO cells, indicating that amino acid position 149 in VP2 is critical for the adaptation of HEV71 to growth in CHO cells. A mouse-virulent strain of HEV71-B5 (MP-B5) was further selected by serial passage of CHO-B5 in newborn BALB/c mice. MP-B5 induces severe disease of high mortality in newborn mice in a dose-dependent manner. Skeletal muscle is the primary site of virus replication and results in severe myositis. MP-B5 has five additional nucleotide sequence changes, two of which are located in the 5′ UTR and the three within the open reading frame (ORF). Two of the ORF mutations resulted in deduced amino acid changes in the capsid protein VP1: S241→L and K244→E; the third ORF mutation was a synonymous C→T change at nucleotide position 6072 within the 3D polymerase gene. Infectious cDNA clone-derived mutant virus populations of HEV71-26M (genogroup B3) (CHO-26M) containing the VP1 mutations identified in MP-B5 were generated in order to determine the mutation(s) responsible for mouse virulence. Only viruses expressing the VP1 (K244→E) mutation were virulent in 5-day-old BALB/c mice, indicating that the VP1 (K244→E) change is the critical genetic determinant of mouse adaptation and virulence in this model. We also modified the capsid protein of HEV71-C4 to generate a mouse virulent strain, based on the genetic information derived from our previous genogroup B3 mouse-adapted virus (MP-26M). Infectious clone-derived mutant virus populations containing the capsid protein mutations VP1: Q145→E and Q145→G were generated by site-directed mutagenesis of a full-length clone of HEV71-C4 containing CHO cell-adaptation marker, VP2 (K149→I). Viruses expressing the VP1 (Q145→E) were virulent in 5-day-old BALB/c mice with 100% mortality rate observed. Skeletal muscle appears to be the primary site of replication of this virus with limb muscle showing severe myositis. Virus was also isolated from spleen, liver, heart and brain of infected mice. The infectious cDNA clones constructed in this study have provided a valuable technical vehicle by which to dissect HEV71 virulence determinants and can be further used to study the translation and replication processes of HEV71. The mouse model of HEV71 infection has provided a fundamental basis to study the pathogenesis of HEV71. Additionally, potential HEV71 vaccine candidates can be evaluated in this more cost effective animal model. As more information emerges regarding the molecular processes of HEV71 infection, further advances may lead to the development of effective antiviral treatments and, ultimately, a vaccine-protection strategy for prevention and control of this important human pathogen. Description: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) 2013-03-25T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/8999 Title: Modelling the Evolution of Business Relationships and Networks as Complex Adaptive Systems Authors: Held, Fabian Philipp Abstract: This thesis seeks to better understand the development and evolution of business relationships and networks from a complex systems perspective, using agent-based modelling. The thesis focuses on the early stages of the development of a business network: the transition from autarky to an interdependent yet decentralised system of production and consumption, that relies on exchange, specialisation and division of labour. The thesis uses existing research on activities and interactions in business relationships in order to identify social mechanisms that constitute a causal explanation of the self-organisation of an interdependent production system. These mechanisms are implemented in a computer model of autonomous agents, and the implementation is validated through the reproduction of stylised facts from prior laboratory experiments. Subsequent model analysis identifies alternative patterns of emergence and investigates the interacting effects of input parameters that define social and economic aspects of the model. The presented model is modularly expandable, facilitating the introduction of new aspects regarding the agents' behaviour, their economic and technological system and their environment, inviting extensions and future research on one unifying platform. Description: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) 2013-03-25T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/8986 Title: Justice and the 'virtual' expert : using remote witness technology to take scientific evidence Authors: Wallace, Anne Maree Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/8985 Title: Intestinal parasites in Australian aborigines of Kempsey shire Authors: Owusu-Ansah, Anthony Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 1981-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/8984 Title: Developing preservice primary (elementary) teachers' confidence to teach music through a music fundamentals course Authors: Jeanneret, Neryl Christine Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 1995-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/8983 Title: Eye movement, memory and tempo in the sight reading of keyboard music Authors: Souter, Tony Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 2001-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/8982 Title: Rediscovering women in the history of Japanese tea culture, form Edo to Meiji Authors: Corbett, Rebecca Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 2009-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/8981 Title: Migration policing in Australia and beyond Authors: Boon-Kuo, Louise Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/8980 Title: The first wave : the making of a beach culture in Sydney, 1810-1920 Authors: Ford, Caroline, 1979- Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 2007-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/8979 Title: The ecology and conservation biology of the green and golden bell frog, Litoria aurea, (Lesson 1829), (Anura: Hylidae) Authors: Christy, Michelle T. Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 2001-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2123/8978 Title: Sediment dispersal on the central New South Wales continental shelf Authors: Boyd, Ron Description: This thesis was digitised for the purposes of Document Delivery. It is not available on open access and access is restricted. The item may be requested on Interlibrary Loan or viewed in the Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney. If you are the author of this work and would like it to be made available on open access please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - escholarship.info@sydney.edu.au 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z