http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1766 http://ses.library.usyd.edu.au/retrieve/8895 http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1766 Search the Channel search http://ses.library.usyd.edu.au/simple-search http://hdl.handle.net/2123/5441 Title: Premium Grains for Livestock Program Final Report: An overview of outcomes from PGLP 1 & 2<br/><br/>Authors: Black, John L<br/><br/>Description: final report of the Premium Grains for Livestock Program, Prepared by John L Black and submitted September 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/3552 Title: Nutritive value of winter wheat for broiler chickens<br/><br/>Authors: Hughes, R. J; Acone, L; Zviedrans, P; Choct, M<br/><br/>Abstract: The nutritive value of Australian winter wheat varieties for broiler chickens was assessed in a series of conventional energy balance studies each of 7-days duration. Across all samples, the mean and standard deviation for apparent metabolisable energy (AME, MJ/kg dry matter) were 14.29±0.36 (n=25) and ranged from 13.68 to 15.02. For individual varieties, means and standard deviations were 14.80±0.03 for Declic (n=2), 14.31±0.33 for Lawson (n=16), 13.97±0.34 for More (n=4) and 14.20±0.09 for Paterson (n=3). In conclusion, winter wheats were consistently high in AME but, nevertheless, were responsive to endo-1,4-xylanase added to the diet. Uplift in AME of wheat due to enzyme supplementation averaged 0.7 MJ/kg (4.9%) and ranged from 0.22 MJ/kg (1.5%) to 1.13 MJ/kg (8.2%). http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2648 Title: Feed uses for barley<br/><br/>Authors: Black, J. L; Tredrea, A. M; Nielsen, S. G; Flinn, P. C; Kaiser, A. G; van Barneveld, R. J<br/><br/>Abstract: Cereal grains with their high starch content are fed to livestock predominantly as a source of energy for rapid growth or high milk yield and also for subsistence in times of poor pasture availability. Results from the Premium Grains for Livestock Program show there are large variations across cereal grain species, cultivars, individual grain samples and animal types in the energy released during digestion and in the amount of grain eaten. The digestive system of an animal has a major effect on the energy value of individual barley samples. Some samples provide more energy for ruminants but less for pigs and poultry, and vice versa. Several grain characteristics that contribute to these differences have been identified. Chemical composition of the grain and nature of the endosperm cell walls have a major impact on the energy made available to different animal types. The rate of starch digestion and chances of causing acidosis are important characteristics for determining the energy value of barley for ruminants. Specific grain characteristics that could be included in barley breeding programs for different types of livestock production have been identified. NIR calibrations have been developed for many of these characteristics and should result in more effective evaluation of grains within breeding programs and for sale to the livestock industries. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2647 Title: Quality feed grains: Research highlights and opportunities<br/><br/>Authors: Black, J. L<br/><br/>Abstract: The available energy content of cereal grains varies widely both between animal species and between grain cultivars. The Premium Grains for Livestock Program was established to determine the causes of this variation and to identify methods for improving the value of grains for livestock. The digestible energy content of barley grain for sheep has been shown to range from 11.5 MJ/kg for a heavily frosted samples of Arapiles to 15.5 MJ/kg for a sample of the Merlin cultivar. The available energy content of a sorghum grain for cattle was measured at 9.7 MJ/kg compared with approximately 16 MJ/kg when fed to pigs or poultry. These differences in energy values between grains and livestock species can be explained by differences in the gross chemical composition of the grains, physical barriers of the endosperm protein matrix and cell walls limiting enzyme access, the amylose content of the starch and the nature of the animal proteolytic enzymes. There is considerable potential for improving the nutritional value of grains for livestock through plant breeding and processing techniques.